Numata Domain

This was a Fudai (early Tozama) clan whose headquarters was located in Numata Castle, Tone County, Kozuke Province (Numata City, Gunma Prefecture). In 1590 (Tensho 18), Sanada Masayuki of Shinshu, who had advanced into Numata, was granted land with 27,000 koku of rice in Tone and Agatsuma County, and established the clan with his eldest son Nobuyuki as the castle lord. After the Battle of Sekigahara, Nobuyuki was granted an additional 60,000 koku of rice in Ueda, Shinshu, the castle of his father, who belonged to the Western Army, and he held both castles. In 1616 (Genwa 2), he moved to Ueda Castle (Ueda City, Nagano Prefecture), and his son Nobuyoshi inherited the fief of Numata. In 1681 (Tenwa 1), during the reign of the fifth Toki clan leader, Nobutoshi (Nobunao), the Toki clan was abolished due to delays in procuring materials for the Ryogoku Bridge in Edo. After the control of the magistrates, in 1703 (Genroku 16), Honda Masanaga was given 20,000 koku (later 40,000 koku), but in 1707 (Kyoho 15), it was transferred to Tanaka in Suruga Province (Fujieda City, Shizuoka Prefecture), and then in 1709, Kuroda Naokuni was given the domain. In 1742 (Kanpo 2), Toki Yoritoshi took over (Tone County, Mimasaka Province, 35,000 koku), and from then on, the Toki clan held the domain for 12 generations until the Meiji Restoration. Successive generations of the Toki clan included senior councilors and Osaka castle lords, and the promotion of domain administration was promoted through the establishment of the domain school, Numata Gakusha. During the Meiji Restoration, it was the front line of the government army against Aizu. After the abolition of the feudal domains in 1871 (Meiji 4), the area became Numata Prefecture, Gunma Prefecture, and Kumagaya Prefecture, before being incorporated into present-day Gunma Prefecture in 1876.

[Yamada Takemaro]

"Numata Domain" by Hiroshi Shibuya (included in "New Narrative Domain History Volume 3", 1976, Shinjinbutsu Oraisha)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

上野(こうずけ)国利根(とね)郡沼田城（群馬県沼田市）に藩庁を置いた譜代(ふだい)（初期外様(とざま)）藩。戦国末期、沼田に進出していた信州の真田昌幸(さなだまさゆき)が1590年（天正18）、利根・吾妻(あがつま)郡下2万7000石の地を安堵(あんど)され、長子信之(のぶゆき)を城主として立藩。関ヶ原の戦い後、信之は、西軍に属した父の居城信州上田6万石を加増され両城を兼ねたが、1616年（元和2）上田城（長野県上田市）に移り、その子信吉(のぶよし)が沼田を襲封した。1681年（天和1）5代信利(のぶとし)（信直(のぶなお)）のとき、江戸・両国橋御用材の調達遅延などを理由に改易され廃藩。旧領は代官支配のあと、1703年（元禄16）本多正永(ほんだまさなが)が2万石で入封（のち4万石）したが、30年（享保15）駿河(するが)国田中（静岡県藤枝市）に転じ、ついで32年黒田直邦(なおくに)が入封。さらに1742年（寛保2）土岐頼稔(ときよりとし)がかわり（利根郡、美作(みまさか)国で3万5000石）、以後維新まで土岐氏が12代在封した。土岐氏歴代には老中、大坂城代などが出、藩校沼田学舎の創設など藩政の振興が図られた。維新期には官軍の対会津前線とされた。1871年（明治4）廃藩後、沼田県、群馬県、熊谷(くまがや)県を経て、76年、現在の群馬県に編入された。

［山田武麿］

『渋谷浩著「沼田藩」（『新編物語藩史　第3巻』所収・1976・新人物往来社）』

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