A city in the state of Thuringia in central Germany. It was part of the former East Germany from 1949 to 1990. It is located at an altitude of 308 meters in front of the Thuringia Wald mountain range, and has a population of 48,400 (2000). Between 1640 and 1918, it flourished as the court city of the dukedom, and was the administrative and cultural center. It has long been known as a place for geographical research and cartography, and many educational and research institutions, such as the Justus Perthes Institute, which creates wall maps sold in Japan and around the world, and insurance companies, were established here. This region, which was divided into many small states, was unified into Thuringia in 1920, and most of the central government offices were moved to Weimar. The textile and ceramic industries developed from the mid-18th century, but today, metalworking workers account for 40% of the total working population. The rubber industry is also thriving. There are five vocational schools, and the tradition of science and technology is alive. It is home to many historical buildings, including the 17th-century Friedenstein Castle, a late Gothic church, and a 16th-century town hall. In 1875, the Gotha Platform of the German Socialist Workers' Party was adopted. [Hiroshi Sasaki] [Reference item] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ドイツ中部、チューリンゲン州の都市。1949~90年は旧東ドイツに属した。チューリンガー・ワルト山地前地の標高308メートルにあり、人口4万8400(2000)。1640~1918年の間、公爵領の宮廷都市として栄え、行政、文化の中心地であった。古くから地理研究と地図製作の地として知られ、天文台や、日本はじめ全世界に売られている掛地図を作成するユストゥス・ペルテスJustus Perthes研究所などの教育研究機関や保険会社がたくさんつくられた。多くの小領邦に分かれていたこの地方は、1920年チューリンゲンに統一された結果、中央官庁はほとんどワイマールに移された。繊維、陶磁器工業が18世紀なかばごろから発達したが、今日では金属加工工業の就業者が全就業者人口の4割を占めている。ついでゴム工業も盛んである。五つの専門学校があり、科学技術の伝統は生きている。17世紀のフリーデンシュタイン城、後期ゴシック様式の教会、16世紀の市庁舎など、歴史的建造物が多い。1875年、ドイツ社会主義労働者党の「ゴータ綱領」採択の地。 [佐々木博] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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