Numata Manor - Nutanosho

Japanese: 沼田荘 - ぬたのしょう

A manor in Numata County, Aki Province. It consisted of Honjo and Shinjo, with Honjo located in the area from the mouth of the Numata River, from the west of Mihara City, Hiroshima Prefecture, to Hongo-cho (present-day Mihara City), and Shinjo located in the mountainous area of Kamo County in the basin of the Mukunashi River, a tributary of the Numata River, and in the exclave of Takehara City. It is believed to have been established with a donation from the Numata clan, who developed the land, but the details are unknown. At the end of the Heian period, it became the territory of Rengeo-in Temple in Kyoto. After the Jōkyū War, the lord was the Saionji clan, and the custodian was the Tachibana clan. The Numata clan, who allied with the Taira clan and were destroyed at Dannoura, were replaced by the Kobayakawa clan from the eastern provinces as land stewards, and the Numata Kobayakawa clan, the head of the Numata clan, and the Mukunashi Kobayakawa clan, the Mukunashi Kobayakawa clan, built castles in Honjo and Shinjo, respectively, and grew as local lords. In the mid-13th century, the total land area of the two manors was over 461 cho. Both families sent out illegitimate children as land stewards within the manors, and in 1235, to promote family unity, the Fudan Nembutsu Hall was built, and the Shioiri Wilderness in the lower reaches of the Numatagawa River was reclaimed as land for repairing the hall. Market settlements in Motoichi and Niichi were formed near the reclaimed land, and wealthy market merchants played an important role in the Kobayakawa clan's trade with Korea. In a land stewardship contract in 1405, the Kobayakawa clan gained control of the land, and also carried out land surveys themselves, solidifying their position as feudal lords.

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

安芸国沼田郡の荘園。本荘と新荘からなり，沼田川河口，現広島県三原市西部から本郷町（現・三原市）にかけた地域に本荘が，沼田川支流椋梨(むくなし)川流域の現賀茂郡一帯の山間地と飛地の竹原市に新荘があった。開発領主沼田氏の寄進で成立したとみられるが詳細は不明。平安末期には京都蓮華王院領となっている。承久の乱後，領家は西園寺家，預所(あずかりどころ)は橘氏となる。平氏にくみして壇ノ浦に滅んだ沼田氏に代わり，東国から小早川氏が地頭として入部，本荘には惣領(そうりょう)の沼田小早川家，新荘には椋梨小早川家がそれぞれ城を構え，在地領主として成長した。13世紀中頃の見作田(げんさくでん)は両荘併せて461町余。両家とも荘内に一分(いちぶ)地頭として庶子家を分出，1235年には一族の団結を図るため不断念仏堂が建立され，堂修理などの料田と称して沼田川下流域の塩入荒野の干拓が行われた。干拓地の近くには本市・新市の市場集落が形成され，富裕な市場商人たちは小早川氏の朝鮮貿易の一翼を担った。1405年の地頭請で小早川氏は下地支配権を獲得，自検地も行って領主としての地位を固めていった。

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