Top - Koma

Japanese: 独楽 - こま

〘noun〙① A child's toy. Made from wood or iron in a circular shape, it is played with by twisting the central axis with your fingers or wrapping a string around it and throwing it around. There are many types, including Hakata tops, shell tops , Chinese tops and lazy tops . Making tops. Spinning tops. Spinning. [Season: New Year] ※Taiheiki (late 14th century), chapter 39 "Among the children playing in the large courtyard of the Nagakodo Hall, spinning tops"② ① used as a gambling tool. Each side of the hexagonal or octagonal shape has pictures or letters painted on it. Also, the gambling game in which it is spun. Flower top. ※Sakehon Tatsumi-no-sono (1770) "At Haruoka on the front of my husband, when the top was spun from the side, half a ton of rice was returned." ③ A rigid body that can rotate freely around one fixed point (fulcrum). ④ The name of a crest. Something modeled after ①. Examples include top and three tops. ⑤ A pulley-like object through which a rope is passed to open and close skylights. [Additional notes] ① is called "Komatsukuri" in "Jumanbon Wamyōshō-ni," and " Komatsuburi " in "Okagami" and "Uji Shūi." It seems to have been introduced to Japan via Goryeo, as it is also written as "Inu" and "Koma."

dokuraku [top]

〘Noun〙① (adjective) Having fun by oneself. Also, the state of having fun. [Bunmeibon Setsuyoshu (middle Muromachi period)] ※Dangibon Furyu Shidokenden (1763) 2 "Without a mat, on the barrel pillow with a top (dokuraku) , who knows what dreams will be born." [Su Shi - Shiba Kimiyoshi's Dokuraen Shi] ② (The on-reading of the kanji for "koma" (top) "doku" (top)) A top. [Iroha Jiruisho (1177-81)]

Tsumukuri [Spinning top]

〘 noun 〙 An old name for a spinning top . Komatsuburi. (Iroha Jiruisho (1177-81))

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① 子どもの玩具の一つ。木や鉄などで円形に作り、中心にある軸を指でひねったり、ひもを巻きつけたりして、投げ回して遊ぶもの。博多独楽、貝独楽(ばいごま)、唐独楽(とうごま)、無精独楽(ぶしょうごま)など種類が多い。こまつくり。こまつぶり。つむくり。《季・新年》※太平記（１４Ｃ後）三九「長講堂の大庭に、独楽(コマ)廻して遊びける童の内に」② ①を博打(ばくち)の用具として用いたもの。六角または八角の各面に絵や文字が描いてある。また、これを回して行なう博打。お花独楽。※洒落本・辰巳之園（1770）「夫からおもての春岡で、こまが有から廻したら半分斗まけはかへった」③ 一つの固定点（支点）のまわりに自由に回転できる剛体。④ 紋所の名。①をかたどったもの。独楽、三つ独楽などがある。⑤ 天窓を開閉するために付ける綱を通す滑車様のもの。[補注]①は「十巻本和名抄‐二」に「古末都玖利(こまつくり)」、また「大鏡」「宇治拾遺」には「こまつぶり」とある。「狗」「高麗」とも書かれるように高麗経由で日本に渡来したらしい。