In chemical experiments or pharmaceutical preparations, a mortar is an instrument used to crush solids or mix two or more types of powder, but is used in conjunction with a pestle for crushing and mixing. Deep mortars are suitable for crushing, while shallow mortars are suitable for mixing or pulverizing. Mortars and pestles are made of the same material, and those made of metals such as iron or brass are resistant to impact and are used to crush lumps. For preparation and pulverization, a material harder than the sample is used, but agate, sapphire, alundum, and porcelain are often used, and glass is also used. These materials are generally weak against impact, so it is prohibited to use operations that involve crushing them. [Iwamoto Shinbu] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
化学実験あるいは薬剤調合において、固体の粉砕や2種以上の粉末の混合のために使われる器具であるが、粉砕・混合を行う乳棒pestleとともに使用される。深いものは粉砕に、浅いものは混合あるいは細粉化に適する。乳鉢と乳棒には同じ材質のものを用い、鉄、黄銅などの金属製は打撃に強く、塊の粉砕に利用される。調合、細粉化には、試料よりも硬い材質のものを用いるが、めのう、サファイア、アランダム、磁製のものが多用され、ガラス製のものも使われる。これらの材質のものは一般に打撃には弱く、打ち砕くような操作を加えることは禁物である。 [岩本振武] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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