The inhabitants of central Mali in West Africa. The Dogon language is said to belong to the Guru group, but this is not certain. The population is about 600,000. They are divided into the Plains Dogon and the Mountain Dogon who live in the Bandiagara Mountains, but both are agricultural, cultivating millet, sorghum, rice, etc. In addition, craftsmen who work with metal and leather form a special class. Polygamy is permitted, but monogamy is more common. The nuclear family is the basic unit of life, but several extended families of a patrilineal lineage with a common ancestor gather together to form a village. Several villages come together to form a regional community, which is headed by a chief called Hogon, who controls politics and religion. Under him, a system of masked societies and age groups has been established. They have a grand and systematic mythology, and perform magnificent masked dances at festivals. They are also skilled in producing plastic arts. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
西アフリカのマリ中部の住民。ドゴン語はグル諸語に属するとされるが,定かではない。人口は約 60万人。平地ドゴン族とバンディアガラ山地に住む山地ドゴン族に分けられるが,生業はどちらも農業で粟,もろこし,稲などを栽培する。このほか金属,皮を扱う工芸職人が特殊な階層を形成している。一夫多妻制は認められているが単婚が多い。核家族が生活の基礎単位であるが,共通の祖先をもつ父系リニージの拡大家族が数個集って村を形成する。村がいくつか集って地域共同体をつくり,政治と宗教を統率するホゴンと称する首長を戴く。その下に,仮面結社や年齢集団の制度が確立されている。壮大で体系づけられた神話をもち,祭礼ではみごとな仮面舞踊を演じる。造形美術の制作にもすぐれている。
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