These large, sharp teeth are unique to venomous snakes and Gila monsters, which are reptiles that use them to inject venom into the enemy's body. Venomous snakes have one venom fang on each side of their maxilla, which are usually tilted backwards inside the mouth, but automatically rise when the mouth is opened. The upper end of each fang is connected to a venom gland, and the venom secreted flows through a groove running vertically along the front of the fang, or through a tube with a closed groove, before being poured into the enemy from the tip. Fangs with grooves are called grooved fangs (the venom fangs of sea snakes and cobras), and fangs with tubes are called tubular fangs (the venom fangs of vipers and rattlesnakes). The fangs of the Gila monster are located on the lower jaw and are grooved fangs with grooves on both the front and back. [Masayuki Uchibori] [Reference] |©Takahiro Matsui "> Types of venomous snakes (location of fangs and venom glands) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
爬虫類(はちゅうるい)の毒ヘビやドクトカゲに特有な大きく鋭い歯で、これにより毒を敵の体内に注入する。毒ヘビでは上顎骨(じょうがくこつ)に左右1本ずつ毒牙があり、普段は口の中で後方に倒れているが、口を開くと自動的に立ち上がる。この牙(きば)は上端が毒腺(どくせん)と連絡していて、分泌された毒液はその前面を縦走する溝、または溝が閉じた管の中を流れて、先端から敵に注ぎ込まれる。溝のある牙は溝牙(こうが)(ウミヘビやコブラの毒牙)、管のある牙は管牙(かんが)(マムシやガラガラヘビの毒牙)とよばれる。また、ドクトカゲの牙は下顎にあり、前後両面に溝のある溝牙である。 [内堀雅行] [参照項目] |©松井孝爾"> 毒ヘビのタイプ(毒牙と毒腺の位置) 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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