Tou - To

Japanese: 斗 - と

("To" is the idiomatic pronunciation of "To") [1] [noun] ① A unit of volume in the shakkan system. One to is ten times one sho. One tenth of one koku. It is equivalent to 18.039 liters. Since one to is ten times one sho, the volume of one to has changed greatly just as the volume of one sho has changed greatly historically. Also, in the Middle Ages from the end of the Heian period to the early modern period, when the standard for the measurement system was lost, the decimal system was not necessarily followed, and progressive systems such as 9 sho 1 to, 4 sho 1 to, and 6 sho 1 to were also used. → Sho (sho). ※Ryo Gikai (718) Miscellaneous "Quantity. Ten go is a sho. Ten sho _{is a to} . Ten to _{is a koku} _. " [Book of Rites - Touhou] ② Masu. A measuring device for grains, etc. It is considered a general term for one to masu and one sho masu, but is often used to mean one to masu. It is called honto, kokuto, shudenryoto, senjito, etc., with the characters indicating the person who created the masu or its nature. *Engishiki (927) 12 "Onna ru chu (a woman's kitchen): 〈abbreviated〉Five levels of annual allowance for cloth. 〈abbreviated〉One hundred go of rice bowls. One to (a to) and two masu (a masu) ." [Shiji - Tian Jingchong, Kanshike] ③ Ladle. A container with a handle used mainly for pouring sake. [Shijing - Da Ga, Gyo-ashi] ④ Refers to the eleventh string of a thirteen-stringed koto. In the case of a seven-stringed koto, it is the fifth string. [Wamyosho, Twenty Volumes (around 934)] ⑤ The name of the pillar (ju) of a gaku biwa. Refers to the fourth pillar of the first string. [2] The first of the seven northern constellations of the twenty-eight constellations. It is located in the northeast part of Sagittarius . Its name comes from its resemblance to a ladle.

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

(「と」は「斗」の慣用音)[1] 〘名〙① 尺貫法で容積の単位。一斗は一升の一〇倍。一石の一〇分の一。一八・〇三九リットルにあたる。一斗は一升の一〇倍であるから、一斗の容積は一升の容積が歴史的に大きな変遷を経てきたのと同様に大きく変化をしている。また、平安末期から近世までの、量制の基準の失われた中世では、必ずしも十進法によらず、九升一斗・四升一斗・六升一斗などの累進法も行なわれた。→升(しょう)。※令義解（718）雑「量。十合為_レ升。十升為_レ斗。十斗為_レ斛」〔礼記‐投壺〕② ます。穀類などの計量器。一斗枡・一升枡の総称とみるが、一斗枡の意に用いることが多い。枡の制定者や性質を表わす文字を冠して、本斗・国斗・主殿寮斗・宣旨斗などと称される。※延喜式（927）一二「女孺厨〈略〉年料庸布五段。〈略〉笥一百合。斗一口。升二口」〔史記‐田敬沖・完世家〕③ 柄杓(ひしゃく)。主に酒をくむのに用いる柄のついた器。〔詩経‐大雅・行葦〕④ 十三弦の箏の第十一弦をいう。七弦琴の場合は第五弦。〔二十巻本和名抄（934頃）〕⑤ 楽琵琶の柱(じゅう)の名。第一弦の第四柱のこと。[2] 二十八宿の北方七宿の第一宿。射手座(いてざ)の東北部にあたる星宿。形が斗（柄杓）に似るところからいう。斗宿。ひつきぼし。〔詩経‐小雅・大東〕

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