Polarization caused in a dielectric material by an electric field. Also called dielectric polarization. If the moment of a tiny electric dipole, the size of an atom or molecule, created by polarization due to an external magnetic field is p , then the electric polarization at point A can be expressed as P = Np ( N is the number of tiny dipoles in a unit volume around point A). The relationship with the electric field E is expressed in SI units as P = ε 0 χ e E (χ e is the electric susceptibility; ε 0 is the dielectric constant of a vacuum) or P = χ e E. The relationship with the electric flux density D is D = ε 0 E + P. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
電場により誘電体に生じた分極。誘電分極ともいう。外部磁場による分極によってできた原子や分子程度の微小な電気双極子のモーメントを p とすれば点A における電気分極は P=Np ( N は点A のまわりの単位体積中の微小双極子の数) で表わされる。電場 E との関係は SI 単位で P=ε0χeE ( χe は電気感受率。 ε0 は真空の誘電率) または P=χeE で表わされる。電束密度 D との関係は D=ε0E+P である。
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