Electric prospecting

Japanese: 電気探査 - でんきたんさ（英語表記）electric prospecting

A geophysical survey that uses the electrical properties of underground strata, rocks, and geological structures to estimate underground structures, etc. It is a survey method that converts electrically measured physical properties into actual rocks and structures underground, and estimates can be made without touching the actual objects, as in surface geological surveys and test drilling surveys. There are two methods: measuring the natural potential difference caused by the polarization state of part or all of the underground, and measuring resistivity by artificially passing electricity. The latter includes vertical surveys, which move electrodes horizontally in a straight line to estimate the stratification of underground strata and the presence of special rocks and ore bodies, and electrical logging, which measures while lowering electrodes into the borehole. It is the most commonly used type of geophysical survey.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

地下の地層，岩石や地質構造の電気的性質を用いて地下構造などを推定する物理探査。電気的に測定した物性を地下の実際の岩石，構造に読み替える探査法で，地表地質調査，試錐調査のように実物を手にしないで推定する。地下の一部や全体の分極状態によって生じる自然電位差を測定する方法と，人工的に電気を流して抵抗率を測定する方法とがある。後者には水平的に電極を直線上を移動しながら，地下の地層の成層状態，特殊の岩体や鉱体の存在を推定する垂直探査と，試錐口に電極をおろしながら測定する電気検層がある。物理探査のなかでは最も普通に用いられる。

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