A type of Chinese jadeware, it is a flat, circular object with a small hole in the center. Its original form can be found in the circular stone axes of the Yangshao culture, but jade-made objects first appeared in the Longshan culture. Those with large holes are called en, and those with even larger holes that are thin and resemble bracelets are called kan. It is thought that the names Gu Bi and Pu Bi come from the patterns carved into the bi. Soheki are bi with cuts on the outside, and Soheki are bi with openwork. Elliptical ones are called Xianbi. The notes on Jade People in the Zhou Li state that bi were presented to the emperor by feudal lords when they visited the court, but it is not clear how these bi were used in ancient China. [Musha Sho] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
中国の玉器の一種で、扁平(へんぺい)環状で中央に小さな孔(あな)があいているものをさす。仰韶(ぎょうしょう)文化期の環状石斧(せきふ)に原形が求められるが、玉製としては竜山文化期に出現する。孔の大きいものをえんといい、さらに孔の大きい肉細の腕輪のようなものを環(かん)という。穀璧(こくへき)、蒲璧(ほへき)というのは璧に刻まれた文様にその名称が由来すると考えられている。駔璧(そへき)は璧の外周に切り込みを入れたもので、疏璧(そへき)は透彫りのある璧のことである。また楕円(だえん)形のものを羨璧(せんへき)という。『周礼(しゅらい)』玉人の注に、諸侯が来朝してきた際に天子に献上したのが璧であるとあるが、これらの璧が古代中国で具体的にどう使用されたのか、なお明らかでない。 [武者 章] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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