Tetrodotoxin (English spelling)

Japanese: テトロドトキシン - てとろどときしん(英語表記)tetrodotoxin
Tetrodotoxin (English spelling)

It is an alkaloid toxin with the chemical formula C 11 H 17 N 3 O 8. It is the most well-known toxin found in pufferfish, and is the main component of the poison found in the ovaries and parts of the liver of pufferfish. Some pufferfish species have highly toxic skin.

The scientific name for pufferfish is tetrodon, and it was named tetrodotoxin in 1912 (Taisho 1) by Japanese pharmacologist Tahara Yoshizumi, after its poisonous component (toxin). It is a neurotoxin that acts on muscles and nerves. Symptoms of poisoning appear relatively quickly after an incubation period of 20 minutes to 2-3 hours after ingestion, beginning with paralysis symptoms such as numbness in the lips, tongue, and extremities, which then spreads to the entire body. In severe cases, it can cause motor paralysis and even paralysis of the respiratory muscles, leading to respiratory distress and death.

[Editorial Department, March 21, 2017]

[References] | Alkaloids | Yoshizumi Tahara | Pufferfish | Pufferfish poisoning

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

アルカロイド系の毒素。化学式C11H17N3O8で表される。フグ毒としてもっとも有名な毒素で、フグの卵巣および一部肝臓にも含まれる毒の主要成分。フグの種によっては皮に強い毒力をもつものもある。

 フグの学名はテトロドンであり、その毒成分(トキシン)の意味から、日本の薬学者田原良純(たわらよしずみ)によって1912年(大正1)にテトロドトキシンと命名された。神経毒の一つで筋や神経に作用する。中毒症状は、食後20分から2~3時間ほどの潜伏期間を経て比較的短時間で現れ、口唇や舌および四肢末端のしびれという麻痺(まひ)症状に始まり、これが全身に広がる。重症になれば運動麻痺、さらには呼吸筋の麻痺を引き起こし、呼吸困難に陥って死に至る。

[編集部 2017年3月21日]

[参照項目] | アルカロイド | 田原良純 | フグ | フグ中毒

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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