A solid solution in which different types of atoms are regularly arranged, for example, every other atom is arranged. It is also called a superlattice or an ordered solid solution. For example, copper-gold Cu-Au alloys form complete solid solutions. This solid solution is characterized by a face-centered cubic crystal lattice, in which all lattice points are exactly equivalent, and above 400°C, Cu atoms and Au atoms occupy these lattice points in a disordered manner. However, in an alloy with a molar ratio of Cu to Au of about 1:1, a regular structure with Cu at the face center positions and Au at the corner positions results in a lower overall energy state and is more stable. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
異なる種類の原子が,たとえば一つおきに配置しているような,規則正しく配列している固溶体をいう。超格子,秩序固溶体とも呼ばれる。たとえば銅‐金Cu‐Au合金は全率固溶体を作る。この固溶体を特徴づけているのは面心立方構造の結晶格子で,すべての格子点はまったく等価であり,400℃以上ではCu原子,Au原子は無秩序にこれらの格子点位置を占有している。しかしCuとAuとのモル比が1対1程度の合金では,面心位置にCu,隅の位置にAuといった規則正しい構造をとったほうが全体としてのエネルギー状態が低く安定になるというようなことが起こる。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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