Rustica (English spelling) [Italy]

Japanese: ルスティカ（英語表記）rustica[イタリア]

In stone architecture, this technique is used to create a rough and powerful appearance by not making the surface of the wall smooth, but by highlighting the joints, protruding the stone surface, and highlighting the unevenness. It was already present in some ancient Roman architecture, but was favored in the castle-like mansions of central Italy during the Romanesque period. It was used in palazzos throughout Italy during the Renaissance, and was also greatly favored in countries north of the Alps through architectural books and other sources. It is often applied not only to stone, but also to the stucco finish on brick walls.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

石造建築で，壁の表面を滑らかにせず，目地(継目)を際だたせたり，石材面を突出させたり，凹凸を目だたせて，荒々しく力強い表情をもたせる技法をいう。古代ローマ建築の一部にすでに現れていたが，ロマネスク時代の中部イタリアの城郭風邸宅に好んで用いられた。ルネサンス時代のイタリア全土でパラッツォに使われ，建築書などを通じてアルプス以北の諸国でも大いに愛好された。石材のみでなく，煉瓦造の壁のスタッコ仕上げにもしばしば適用される。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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