Meaning "Mother of God." An honorific title for the Virgin Mary. In the Greek Orthodox Church, it is called the Theotokos. It is derived from the doctrine that recognizes that in Christ, the divinity and humanity are united through the one God, the second person, the divine Son, and that Mary, the mother of the human Christ, is also the mother of the divine Christ. Nestorius rejected this because he believed that Christ and the human nature were separate, and insisted on changing it to Christotokos (Mother of Christ), but after receiving fierce opposition from Cyril and others, the Council of Ephesus (431) also recognized Theotokos as the official name. This name later spread to the Western Church, but it played a particularly important role in the Eastern Christian world, and was a favorite medium for icon painters. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
「神の母」の意。聖母マリアの尊称。ギリシア正教会では生神母という。キリストにおいて神性とキリストの人間性とが,唯一の神の第2位,聖子ペルソナによって結合していることを認める教義から演繹され,人間キリストの母マリアは,同時に神なるキリストの母でもあるとするもの。ネストリウスはキリストにおいて神人両性を分離する立場からこれを拒否,クリストトコス Christotokos (キリストの母) と改めることを主張したが,キュリロスらによる猛烈な反対を受け,エフェソス公会議 (431) もテオトコスを正式名称と認めた。のちにこの名称は西方教会にも普及したが,特に東方のキリスト教世界では大きな役割を果し,聖像画家は好んで画材とした。
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