Tirpitz - Tirpitz (English spelling) Alfred von Tirpitz

German military and politician. He joined the navy in 1865 and worked on the development of torpedo boats. In 1892, he became Chief of Staff of the Naval General Staff, where he advocated the construction of a large fleet for the purpose of expanding Germany's overseas market. In 1897, he became Minister of the Navy, and in the following year, 1898, he enacted the Navy Act. Since then, he worked to build up the fleet, taking advantage of the instigation of the German Fleet Association, a popular group, and helped Germany become the second largest naval power in the world. However, the "naval arms race" worsened relations with Britain, and was one of the causes of the outbreak of World War I. During the war, he advocated the early deployment of the entire fleet and the implementation of unrestricted submarine warfare, which led to conflict with government leaders and led to his resignation in 1916. In 1917, he participated in the founding of the right-wing German Fatherland Party, and after the war, he became a member of the German National People's Party (1924-1928).

[Kitani Tsutomu]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

ドイツの軍人、政治家。1865年海軍に入り、水雷艇の開発に努力、1892年海軍軍令部参謀長となり、対外膨張のため大艦隊の建造を唱えた。1897年海軍長官に就任、翌1898年艦隊法を成立させて以来、大衆団体ドイツ艦隊協会の扇動を利用しつつ、艦隊の増強に努め、ドイツを世界第二の海軍国に育てた。しかし「建艦競争」はイギリスとの関係を悪化させ、第一次世界大戦勃発(ぼっぱつ)の原因の一つとなった。大戦中に全艦隊の早期出撃、ついで無制限潜水艦戦の実施を主張して、政府首脳と対立、1916年辞任した。1917年、右翼のドイツ祖国党設立に参加、戦後もドイツ国家人民党の国会議員（1924～1928）となった。

［木谷　勤］

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