A Finnish folklore researcher. While teaching Finnish and German at a high school, he conducted comparative research on folktales, and in 1910 published "The Catalogue of Finnish Folktales". This was later expanded by Aarne himself, and further expanded after his death by the American Stith Thomson (1928, 1961), and is now used as a worldwide folktale catalog (" The Types of the Folktale"). The numbers given to each story type in this catalog are abbreviations such as AT, ATh, AaTh, etc., and are used worldwide. Another of Aarne's most important works in the history of research is "A Comparative Study of Folktales" (1913). This is an application of the historical and geographical research methods of Kaarle Krohn (1863-1933) to the study of folktales, in which a specific type of folktale is studied comparatively on a trans-ethnic scale in order to explore the prototype, place of origin, and route of spread of that type. It was subsequently refined by researchers in Germany and other countries, and remains the mainstream method of folktale research around the world today. [Toshio Ozawa November 19, 2018] "Comparative Studies of Folktales" translated by Keigo Seki (1969, Iwasaki Bijutsusha) [References] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
フィンランドの民話研究者。高等学校でフィンランド語とドイツ語の教師をしながら、昔話の比較研究を進め、1910年には『フィンランド昔話の目録』を発表。これがのちにアールネ自身によって増補され、没後アメリカのスティス・トムソンによってさらに増補され(1928、1961)、現在では世界共通の昔話カタログとして使用されている(『昔話の話型』The Types of the Folktale)。このカタログが各話型に与えた番号はAT、ATh、AaThなどの略号により、世界共通に使用されている。研究史上重要なアールネの仕事のもう一つは、『昔話の比較研究』(1913)である。これはカールレ・クローンKaarle Krohn(1863―1933)の歴史的・地理的研究法を昔話研究に応用したもので、昔話の特定のタイプを、民族を超えた規模で比較研究することによって、そのタイプの原型、発生地、伝播(でんぱ)の経路を探究しようとする方法であり、その後ドイツなどの研究者によって充実され、現在でも世界での民話研究の主流をなしている。 [小澤俊夫 2018年11月19日] 『関敬吾訳『昔話の比較研究』(1969・岩崎美術社)』 [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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