Fig - Fig

Japanese: イチジク(無花果) - イチジク

A deciduous tree of the mulberry family native to Western Asia. It has been cultivated in the Mediterranean coastal region since about 2000 BC, and many varieties were imported to Japan during the Edo period and after. The branches and leaves have milky ducts that exude a white milky liquid when damaged. The shape and size of the leaves vary depending on the variety, but they are usually oval, 20-30 cm long, divided into 3-7 pieces, and rough with stiff hairs. The flowers grow on the inner wall of the receptacle and cannot be seen from the outside. The fruits (thickened receptacles) are oval and mature in September of the same year, or in July of the following year after overwintering as young fruits. The former are called autumn fruits and the latter are called summer fruits. Both are sweet and can be eaten raw or boiled, or made into jam or canned. They are mainly propagated by cuttings. Each plant in the fig genus is parasitized by a different type of fig wasp, which transmits pollen. However, most of the figs grown in Japan are of the type that ripen without pollination.

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

西アジア原産の，クワ科の落葉小高木。前2000年ごろから地中海沿岸地方で栽培され，日本には江戸時代に入り，その後も多数の品種が輸入された。枝や葉などに乳管があり，傷つけると白い乳液を出す。葉の形や大きさは品種によりさまざまだが，ふつう卵円形で長さ20〜30cm，３〜７片に裂け，かたい毛があってざらつく。花は花托内壁に着生し外から見えない。果実（花托の肥厚したもの）は卵球形で，その年の９月に，あるいは幼果のまま越冬して翌年７月に成熟する。前者を秋果，後者を夏果という。ともに甘く，生食または煮て食べるほか，ジャム，缶詰とする。繁殖はおもにさし木による。イチジク属の植物はそれぞれ種類の異なるイチジクコバチが寄生し，花粉を媒介している。ただし日本に入っているイチジクは，ほとんどが受粉しなくても熟すタイプである。

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