The nine sliding doors are erected behind the throne on the north side of the main building of the Shishinden Hall in the Imperial Palace, and are named after the portraits of 32 wise ministers from the Yin to Tang dynasties of China. In the center, a turtle carrying a document and a lion guardian dog are depicted, and four people are depicted on each of the four panels on either side. Above each person, their name and a word of praise for their virtue and talent are written in a frame shaped like shikishi paper. There is no certainty about when it was built; the "Teiōhennikki" states it was during the Kōnin era (810-824), the "Kōnenki" states it was during the reign of Emperor Yozei (reigned 876-884), and the "Kokin Chomonju" states it was during the Kanpyō era (889-898), but it is believed to have been built around the beginning of the Heian period, and the current version was painted when it was built during the Kansei era (1789-1801). The 32 people are Ma Zhou, Fang Xuanling, Du Ruhe, Wei Zheng, Zhuge Liang, Qu Boyu, Zhang Liang, Daiwulun, Guan Zhong, Liu (Deng) Yu, Zichan, Xiao He, Yi Yin, Fu Shuo, Taigong Wang, and Zhongshanfu. They were: U Zhanpo, Li Ji, Yu Shinan, Du Yu, Zhang Hua, Yang Hu, Yang Xiong, Chen Shi, Ban Gu, Huan Rong, Zheng Xuan, Su Wu, Ni Kuan, Dong Zhongshu, Wen Weng, Jia Yi, and Shusun Tong. [Goka loyal retainer] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
皇居、紫宸殿(ししんでん)の母屋(もや)の北側、玉座の後方に立てられる9枚の襖(ふすま)障子で、中国殷(いん)代より唐代までの賢臣32名の肖像が描かれているので名づけられた。中央の間に文書を負う亀(かめ)と、獅子狛犬(ししこまいぬ)を描き、その左右4枚の1枚ごとに4名ずつ描く。各人上方に色紙形の枠内に名前と徳行才能の賛詞が記されている。おこりについては『帝王編年記』に弘仁(こうにん)年間(810~824)、『皇年代記』に陽成(ようぜい)帝の代(在位876~884)、『古今著聞集(ちょもんじゅう)』に寛平(かんぴょう)年間(889~898)とあって一定ではないが、平安時代の初めころと推定され、現存のものは寛政(かんせい)年間(1789~1801)に造営したときに描かれたものである。なお、32名の人物は、馬周、房玄齢、杜如晦(とじょかい)、魏徴(ぎちょう)、諸葛亮(しょかつりょう)、蘧伯玉(きょはくぎょく)、張良、第伍倫(だいごりん)、管仲(かんちゅう)、劉(鄧)禹(りゅうう)、子産、蕭何(しょうか)、伊尹(いいん)、傅説(ふえつ)、太公望(たいこうぼう)、仲山甫(ちゅうざんぽ)、李勣(りせき)、虞世南(ぐせいなん)、杜預(どよ)、張華、羊祜(ようこ)、揚雄(ようゆう)、陳寔(ちんしょく)、班固(はんこ)、桓栄(かんえい)、鄭玄(じょうげん)、蘇武(そぶ)、倪()寛(げいかん)、董仲舒(とうちゅうじょ)、文翁、賈誼(かぎ)、叔孫通(しゅくそんとう)である。 [郷家忠臣] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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