Primary product problem

Japanese: 一次産品問題 - いちじさんぴんもんだい

Generally, primary commodities refer to agricultural, forestry, fishery and mineral products before they are processed. Primary commodity problems include the long-term deterioration of terms of trade with manufactured goods due to short-term large fluctuations in international prices and stagnant world demand. Prices of primary commodities tend to fluctuate drastically in the short term due to the fact that production volume fluctuates greatly due to natural conditions, making supply unstable, and demand is generally rigid. On the other hand, in the long term, demand is said to be sluggish and prices tend to decline due to factors such as domestic agricultural protection policies in developed countries and technological advances in developed countries that conserve raw materials.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

一般に一次産品primary commoditiesとは，農林水産物，鉱産物の加工される以前のものをさす。一次産品問題と呼ばれるものには，国際価格の短期的な大幅変動と世界需要の停滞による対工業品交易条件の長期的悪化傾向がある。一次産品の価格は，自然的条件により生産量が大きく変動し，その供給が不安定であるという事情と，これに対し需要が一般に硬直的であるという事情によって，短期的に激動しがちである。一方，長期的には，先進国の国内農業保護政策や先進国での原料節約的技術進歩等の要因により，その需要が伸び悩み，価格が低下傾向を示すといわれている。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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