Zermelo, Ernst Friedrich Ferdinand

Japanese: ツェルメロ(英語表記)Zermelo, Ernst Friedrich Ferdinand
Zermelo, Ernst Friedrich Ferdinand
Born: July 27, 1871, Berlin
Died: May 21, 1953. Freiburg. German mathematician. After graduating from the Gymnasium in Berlin, he studied mathematics, physics, and philosophy at the universities of Berlin, Halle, and Freiburg. In 1894, he received his doctorate in the calculus of variations (University of Berlin). He then went to Göttingen, where he became a private lecturer at the university (1899) and a professor (1905). Zermelo's name was immortalized in his paper "The Alignability Theorem," published in the Annals of Mathematics in 1904, which was less than three pages long. In the proof, he used the so-called axiom of choice, known as "Zermelo's axiom," and the validity of this axiom became a major issue in the foundations of mathematics in the 20th century. In 1908, he published another major work, "Studies on the Foundations of Set Theory," in the Annals of Mathematics. The purpose of this was to develop set theory based on axioms, to eliminate the paradoxes of set theory, and to clarify the rationality of the axiom of choice, which led to the establishment of "Zermelo's Set Theory (Set Theory Z)". In 1910, he became a professor at the University of Zurich, but resigned in 1916 due to poor health. He recuperated in the Black Forest until 1926. In 1926, he became a professor at the University of Freiburg. In 1935, dissatisfied with Hitler's politics, he retired from the university, but returned to his post after World War II (46).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1871.7.27. ベルリン
[没]1953.5.21. フライブルク
ドイツの数学者。ベルリンのギムナジウム卒業後,ベルリン,ハレ,フライブルクの大学で,数学,物理,哲学を学ぶ。 1894年,変分法の研究によって学位を取る (ベルリン大学) 。その後ゲッティンゲンに行き,ゲッティンゲン大学私講師 (1899) ,同大学教授 (1905) になる。ツェルメロの名を不朽にしたのは,1904年,『数学年報』誌に発表されたわずか3ページ足らずの論文『整列可能定理』である。この証明のなかで,彼は「ツェルメロの公理」と呼ばれる,いわゆる選択公理を使い,この公理の是非は 20世紀の数学基礎論の大きな問題になった。 08年,もう1つの大きな業績である『集合論の基礎に関する研究』を『数学年報』誌に発表。これは公理に基づいて集合論を展開することによって,集合論の逆理を排除することと,選択公理の合理性を明らかにすることを目的としており,それによって「ツェルメロの集合論 (集合論Z) 」が確立された。 10年チューリヒ大学教授になるが,健康を害して 16年辞任。 26年までシュワルツワルトで静養。 26年フライブルク大学教授。 35年ヒトラーの政治を不満として大学を退き,第2次世界大戦後 (46) 復職した。

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