Just before the end of the 15th century, a fleet led by the Portuguese Vasco da Gama rounded Africa's Cape of Good Hope and reached India, where he established a base for expansion into Asia, and eventually advanced into China at the beginning of the 16th century. This marked the beginning of contact between Europe and Asia, but when considering the history of science in China, the period around 1500, when Portugal advanced into Asia, can be seen as a time when the positions of science and technology between the East and the West were reversed. It is thought that before 1500, Chinese science and technology was in many ways more advanced than Europe, and some of its achievements were transmitted to Europe via Islamic countries. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
15世紀が終わる直前にポルトガル人バスコ・ダ・ガマの率いる艦隊がアフリカの喜望峰をまわってインドにたどりつき,ここにアジア進出の根拠地をつくり,やがて16世紀初頭には中国に進出するようになった。こうしてヨーロッパとアジアとの接触が始まったが,中国の科学史を考える場合,ポルトガルがアジアに進出した1500年ごろは東西の科学技術の地位が逆転した時期と考えることができよう。1500年以前においては中国の科学技術は,多くの点でヨーロッパより進歩していたとも考えられ,その成果のいくつかはイスラム諸国を通じてヨーロッパに伝わった。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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