Drugs that suppress coughs. Coughs can be caused by an attempt to expel foreign objects or excess secretions from the airways, or by dryness, inflammation, or ulcers in the airway mucosa. The nature and method of use of cough suppressants vary slightly depending on the cause. If the former is more severe, mild expectorants can be used to make phlegm easier to come out, or chemotherapy drugs can be used to expel phlegm. For the latter, antihistamines, sedatives, bronchodilators, non-narcotic cough suppressants, etc. are used, taking into consideration local and systemic rest, and if these drugs are ineffective, steroids or narcotic drugs are used. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
咳を鎮静させる薬剤。咳は気道内の異物や過剰分泌物を排除しようとする働きからくるものと,気道粘膜の乾燥,炎症,潰瘍などによって発生するものとがあり,それによって,鎮咳薬の性質も使用法も多少異なる。前者の性質が強い場合は,穏やかな去痰薬程度のもので痰を出やすくしたり,化学療法剤などで去痰をはかる。後者に対しては局所と全身の安静保持を考慮して,抗ヒスタミン剤,鎮静剤,気管支拡張剤,非麻薬系鎮咳薬などを使用し,これらの薬剤で効果を示さないときは,ステロイド,麻薬系のものを使う。
出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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