University Press - daigakushupanbutsu (English name) university press

Japanese: 大学出版部 - だいがくしゅっぱんぶつ（英語表記）university press

An organization that publishes for a university, either as a department of the university or as an independent legal entity with personal ties to the university. Historically, there are two types of university presses: the medieval model, as typified by the university presses of Oxford and Cambridge, and the modern model, as typified by American university presses. The characteristics of the medieval model are (1) that it was primarily engaged in printing, (2) that it was profitable through profits gained from the privilege of printing the Bible, and (3) that it competed with commercial publishers, while the characteristics of the modern (American) model are (1) that it was centered on publishing, (2) that losses from academic book publishing were compensated for by public funds from universities, governments, foundations, etc., and (3) that it distinguished itself from commercial publishers in terms of the content of its publications and avoided competition.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

大学の一部局または大学と人的つながりをもつ独立の法人として，大学のために出版を行う組織。歴史的にみると，大学出版部にはオックスフォードやケンブリッジの大学出版部が代表する中世モデルと，アメリカの大学出版部を典型とする近代モデルの二つがある。中世モデルの特色は，(1)印刷が主体であること，(2)聖書印刷の特権から得られた利益で採算をとったこと，(3)商業出版社と競合したことであり，近代(アメリカ)モデルの特色は，(1)出版を中心としていること，(2)学術書出版の損失は大学，政府，財団などからの公的資金で補てんすること，(3)商業出版社とは出版内容で一線を画し，競合を避けていること，といえよう。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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