Humidity control
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This is the process of adjusting the humidity in the air, and in many cases, it is also called air conditioning, as it involves adjusting the temperature. Humidification or dehumidification is carried out depending on the purpose, and the following methods are used: [1] Humidification (1) Directly mixing water vapor into the air. (2) Contacting the air with water and evaporating it into the air. This can be done by heating the air and contacting it with room temperature water or by contacting it with warm water. (2) Dehumidification (1) Adsorption or absorption by a moisture absorbent. This includes adsorption by solid moisture absorbents such as alumina gel or silica gel, and absorption by liquid moisture absorbents such as concentrated sulfuric acid or lithium chloride. (2) Contact with cold water or a cooled surface below the dew point. (3) Compression to reduce the moisture content per unit mass. Humidity control operations are usually performed with water vapor in the air at atmospheric pressure, but in chemical plants, etc., organic solvent vapor is often used instead of water vapor, and the operating pressure is not limited to atmospheric pressure. [Yuji Kawamura] Humidity Control DeviceIt consists of a blower section that sends out air, a temperature control section that performs heating or cooling, and a humidifier section that brings the air into contact with water or a moisture absorbent, and a packed tower or spray tower is often used for the humidifier section. In the case of the compressed dehumidification method, a compressor is also used, and it is suitable when low-temperature high-pressure air is required. [Yuji Kawamura] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
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空気中の湿度を調整する操作であり、多くの場合、温度の調節も伴うので空気調和ともよばれている。目的に応じて増湿あるいは減湿が行われるが、次のような方法がとられている。 〔1〕増湿humidification(1)水蒸気を空気中に直接混入させる。(2)水と接触させ空気中へ蒸発させる。これには、空気を加熱して常温の水と接触させる方法と、温水と接触させる方法とがある。 〔2〕減湿dehumidification(1)吸湿剤による吸着・吸収。これにはアルミナゲルやシリカゲルなどの固体吸湿剤による吸着と、濃硫酸や塩化リチウムなどの液体吸湿剤による吸収がある。(2)露点以下の冷水または冷却面と接触させる。(3)圧縮して単位質量当りの水分を減少させる。 調湿操作は通常、大気圧下の空気中の水蒸気を対象にすることがほとんどである。しかし、化学工場などでは水蒸気のかわりに有機溶媒蒸気を対象とすることも少なくなく、また操作圧力も大気圧下とは限られていない。 ［河村祐治］ 調湿装置空気を送る送風部、加熱または冷却を行う温度調節部、および空気と水または吸湿剤とを接触させる増（減）湿部とから構成されており、増（減）湿部には充填(じゅうてん)塔またはスプレー塔が用いられることが多い。圧縮減湿法の場合には圧縮機が併用され、低温度の高圧空気を必要とするときに適している。 ［河村祐治］ 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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