It is a thin, finger-like blind tube that protrudes from the posterior medial wall of the lower end of the cecum, and is also called the vermiform process. It is 6-7 cm long and 0.5-1 cm wide, but due to individual differences, it can be 1-20 cm long. The attachment point to the cecum also varies from person to person. The appendix is wrapped in the peritoneum and forms the mesenteric ligament, so it is mobile. The location of the appendix on the anterior abdominal wall is determined to be 3-5 cm from the spinous process on a line drawn from the right anterior iliac spine of the pelvis to the "navel". This point is called MacBurney's point (named after the New York surgeon C. MacBurney (1854-1913)). This point is known as a tender point in appendicitis (commonly known as appendicitis). In appendicitis, pain sensations are sent by the same pain sensory nerves as in the small intestine. The appendix is found only in humans and apes; in rabbits, the appendix is a narrowed end of the cecum. [Kazuyo Shimai] [Reference] |©Shogakukan "> Location of the large intestine Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
盲腸下端の後内側壁から突出している細い小指状の盲管で、虫様突起ともいう。長さは6~7センチメートル、太さは0.5~1センチメートルであるが、個人差があるため、長さを1~20センチメートルとすることもある。また、盲腸への付着部位についても個人差がある。虫垂は腹膜に包まれ、虫垂間膜をつくっているため、移動性をもっている。虫垂の位置を前腹壁上に求めるときは、骨盤の右上前腸骨棘(きょく)突起から「へそ」に引いた線上で、棘突起から3~5センチメートルのところとされる。この点をマクバーネー点MacBurney's pointとよんでいる(ニューヨークの外科医C. MacBurney(1854―1913)にちなむ)。ここは、虫垂炎(俗に盲腸炎という)の際の圧痛点として知られている。虫垂炎では、痛覚が小腸と同様の痛覚神経で送られる。虫垂はヒトと類人猿とだけにみられるもので、ウサギで虫垂とよばれている部分は、盲腸の先端が細くなったところである。 [嶋井和世] [参照項目] |©Shogakukan"> 大腸の部位 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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