Appendix -

Japanese: 虫垂 - ちゅうすい
Appendix -

It is a thin, finger-like blind tube that protrudes from the posterior medial wall of the lower end of the cecum, and is also called the vermiform process. It is 6-7 cm long and 0.5-1 cm wide, but due to individual differences, it can be 1-20 cm long. The attachment point to the cecum also varies from person to person. The appendix is ​​wrapped in the peritoneum and forms the mesenteric ligament, so it is mobile. The location of the appendix on the anterior abdominal wall is determined to be 3-5 cm from the spinous process on a line drawn from the right anterior iliac spine of the pelvis to the "navel". This point is called MacBurney's point (named after the New York surgeon C. MacBurney (1854-1913)). This point is known as a tender point in appendicitis (commonly known as appendicitis). In appendicitis, pain sensations are sent by the same pain sensory nerves as in the small intestine. The appendix is ​​found only in humans and apes; in rabbits, the appendix is ​​a narrowed end of the cecum.

[Kazuyo Shimai]

[Reference] | Large intestine
Location of the large intestine
©Shogakukan ">

Location of the large intestine


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

盲腸下端の後内側壁から突出している細い小指状の盲管で、虫様突起ともいう。長さは6~7センチメートル、太さは0.5~1センチメートルであるが、個人差があるため、長さを1~20センチメートルとすることもある。また、盲腸への付着部位についても個人差がある。虫垂は腹膜に包まれ、虫垂間膜をつくっているため、移動性をもっている。虫垂の位置を前腹壁上に求めるときは、骨盤の右上前腸骨棘(きょく)突起から「へそ」に引いた線上で、棘突起から3~5センチメートルのところとされる。この点をマクバーネー点MacBurney's pointとよんでいる(ニューヨークの外科医C. MacBurney(1854―1913)にちなむ)。ここは、虫垂炎(俗に盲腸炎という)の際の圧痛点として知られている。虫垂炎では、痛覚が小腸と同様の痛覚神経で送られる。虫垂はヒトと類人猿とだけにみられるもので、ウサギで虫垂とよばれている部分は、盲腸の先端が細くなったところである。

[嶋井和世]

[参照項目] | 大腸
大腸の部位
©Shogakukan">

大腸の部位


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