Jule Gregory Charney

Japanese: チャーニー - ちゃーにー(英語表記)Jule Gregory Charney
Jule Gregory Charney

American theoretical meteorologist. He laid the first step towards practical application of numerical weather forecasting. Born in San Francisco. Graduated from the Department of Mathematics and Physics at the University of California in 1938. From 1941 to 1942, he was an assistant professor in the physics and meteorology labs at the same university, where he was influenced by Bjerknes and Jörgen Holmboe (1902-1979). In 1946, he became a research associate at the University of Chicago, where he worked under Rossby. From 1947 to 1948, he became a research associate at the University of Oslo, where he worked with Ragnar Fjørtoft (1913-1998) and Arnt Eliassen (1915-2000). From 1948, he became a permanent research associate at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, and from 1956, he also served as a professor of meteorology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. At Princeton, he worked with mathematician John von Neumann to develop methods for solving the fundamental equations of meteorological dynamics using a computer, laying the foundations for today's numerical weather forecasting.

[Nemoto Junkichi]

[References] | Meteorological dynamics | Numerical weather forecasting | Neumann | Bjerknes | Theoretical meteorology

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

アメリカの理論気象学者。数値予報実用化の第一歩を築いた。サンフランシスコの生まれ。1938年カリフォルニア大学数学物理学科を卒業。1941~1942年同大学の物理学・気象学教室の助手となり、ビャークネス、ホルンボーJörgen Holmboe(1902―1979)の影響を受けた。1946年シカゴ大学の研究員となり、ロスビーのもとで研究。1947~1948年オスロ大学研究員となり、フョルトフRagnar Fjørtoft(1913―1998)、エリアッセンArnt Eliassen(1915―2000)などとともに研究した。1948年よりプリンストン高等研究所の常任研究員となり、1956年以後はマサチューセッツ工科大学の気象学教授も兼ねた。プリンストンでは数学者のノイマンとともに気象力学の基礎方程式を電子計算機で解く方法を発展させ、今日の数値予報の基礎をつくりあげた。

[根本順吉]

[参照項目] | 気象力学 | 数値予報 | ノイマン | ビャークネス | 理論気象学

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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