Business Association - Business Association

A political party founded on April 24, 1923 (Taisho 12) by Muto Sanji, president of the Kanegafuchi Spinning Company. Muto had campaigned for the enactment of the Military Relief Act and against business taxes, but was shocked by the rice riots. He believed that in order to prevent class struggle, political corruption, which was the cause of hardship in life, must be eliminated, and under the banner of "political reform," he united small and medium-sized merchants and industrialists in the Kansai region to form the Jitsugyo Doshikai (Businessmen's Association). In the general election the following year, he won eight seats, opposed the Public Order Maintenance Bill, and denounced the Earthquake Disaster Bill Processing Bill as a political business relief. In the general election of 1928 (Showa 3), only four members were elected, but he held the casting vote and concluded a policy agreement (political and practical agreement) with the Seiyukai (Japanese Socialist Party). In 1929, the party was renamed the Kokumin Doshikai (National Comrades' Association), but was unable to overcome the limitations of being a minority party and was dissolved in January 1932.

[Keiichi Eguchi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

1923年（大正12）4月24日、鐘淵(かねがふち)紡績会社社長武藤山治(むとうさんじ)が結成した政党。武藤は軍事救護法制定運動や営業税反対運動などを行ってきたが、米騒動に衝撃を受け、階級闘争防止のためには生活難の原因である政治腐敗を除去しなければならないとし、「政界革新」を旗印に、関西地方の中小商工業者の組合を糾合して、実業同志会を結成した。翌年の総選挙で八議席を得、治安維持法案に反対し、震災手形処理法案を政商救済として糾弾した。28年（昭和3）の総選挙では当選4名にとどまったが、キャスティング・ボートを握り、政友会との政策協定（政実協定）を結んだ。29年国民同志会と改称したが、少数党の限界を破れず、32年1月解散した。

［江口圭一］

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