A general term for woody, perennial-stemmed plants belonging to the Bambusoideae subfamily of the Poaceae family. Includes bamboo grasses (→ Sasa (bamboo grass)) and bamboos. This family is sometimes separated from the Poaceae family and classified as the Bambusaceae family. They are widely distributed from the temperate zone to the tropical monsoon zones of eastern Asia, but are extremely rare in Europe and the Americas. The distinction between bamboo grasses and bamboo grasses is not very clear, but most bamboos generally lose their skin as the stems grow. Bamboos are cultivated in gardens for decorative purposes, and young shoots of plants such as moso bamboo are eaten as bamboo shoots. They are also used in a variety of ways, such as for disposable chopsticks, bamboo crafts, fishing rods, and walking sticks. The main bamboos in Japan are Madake (True Bamboo), Moso Bamboo, Medake (Female Bamboo), Houraichiku (Bambusa nana var. normalis ), and Narihiradake (Narihira Bamboo). Bamboos do not usually flower, but grow from underground stems, and after flowering the plant dies. Madake is said to flower about once every 100 years. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
イネ科タケ亜科に属する木質で多年生の茎をもつ植物の総称。ササ類 (→ササ〈笹〉 ) とタケ類とが含まれる。この類はときにはイネ科から分けてタケ科 Bambusaceaeとされることもある。アジア東部の温帯から熱帯モンスーン地帯にかけて広く分布するが,ヨーロッパやアメリカ大陸にはきわめてまれに知られる。タケ類とササ類との間の区別はあまりはっきりしないが,タケ類は一般に,茎が生長するにつれて竹の皮が脱落するものが多い。タケは観賞用として庭などに栽培されるほか,モウソウチクなどの若芽はたけのことして食用にされる。また割箸,竹細工,釣竿,杖などの多方面に利用されている。日本にあるおもなタケは,マダケ (真竹),モウソウチク (孟宗竹),メダケ (女竹),ホウライチク Bambusa nana var. normalis,ナリヒラダケ (業平竹)などである。タケ類は普通花が咲かず,地下茎でふえるが,花が咲くとそのあと植物体は枯れてしまう。なおマダケは約 100年に1度花が咲くといわれている。
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