Tadokoro - Tadokoro

This refers to the land held by powerful clans before the establishment of the Ritsuryo state. Sho refers to a plot of land with warehouses and buildings necessary for managing fields. It was used in contrast to Miyake, which was the land owned by the Emperor and Imperial family. In 587 (the year before Emperor Sushun ascended to the throne), the land and people of Omuraji Mononobe no Moriya, who was defeated by Minister Soga no Umako and others, were confiscated and made into the "Yakko, Tansho" of Shitennoji Temple in Osaka, which shows that private land of temples was also called Tansho. Farmers subordinate to the owner cultivated Tansho, and sometimes it was in the form of rent. As the rule of the Yamato Kingdom spread throughout the country, the manors of the local ruling families decreased, while the estates and manors of the royal families and ruling families that made up the Yamato Kingdom increased. The turning point was in the late 5th century to the 6th century, when turmoil was raging in various places.

[Reiji Harashima]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

律令(りつりょう)国家成立以前の豪族の土地領有地をいう。荘は田地の経営に必要な倉庫や建物のある一画をさす。天皇・皇族の所有地を屯倉(みやけ)とよぶのに対して、用いられたもの。587年（崇峻(すしゅん)天皇の即位前年）、大臣(おおおみ)蘇我馬子(そがのうまこ)らに敗北した大連(おおむらじ)物部守屋(もののべのもりや)の領地と領民は、没収されて大阪四天王寺(してんのうじ)の「奴(やっこ)、田荘」とされたと伝えられており、寺院の私有地も田荘とよばれたことがわかる。田荘の耕作は、その所有者に従属する農民がこれにあたり、賃租の形をとることもあった。したがって、大和(やまと)王権の支配が全国に及んでいくにつれて、地方豪族の田荘は減少し、大和王権を構成する王族・豪族の屯倉や田荘が増大することになった。その転換期は、動乱が各地で進む5世紀後半から6世紀に求められる。

［原島礼二］

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