Takahashi Deishuu - Takahashi Deishuu

A shogunate official during the late Edo period. Born on February 17, Tempo 6. His given name was Masaaki, and Doroshu was his pen name. He was adopted into the Takahashi family by the Yamaoka clan. Yamaoka Tesshu was his brother-in-law (husband to his younger sister Eiko). After the death of his older brother Yamaoka Seizan, a master of spearmanship, in 1855 (Ansei 2), he taught his disciples and was known as a master of spearmanship. The following year, at the age of 22, he became a professor at the Kobusho, and in 1859 he was appointed Ise no Kami, Junior Fifth Rank. In 1863 (Bunkyu 3), he was ordered to lead the Shincho group and deal with roshi, but was dismissed for having contact with Sonno Joi patriots. During the Choshu Expedition, he wrote a petition stating that the expedition was not allowed, and during the Keio Shogunate reforms, he became the head of the guerrilla forces in November 1866 (Keio 2), and in October of the following year, he became a leader-equivalent of the same forces. After the Battle of Toba-Fushimi, he consistently advocated that Tokugawa Yoshinobu should remain submissive and be under restraint, and after Yoshinobu left Edo Castle and entered Kan'ei-ji Temple in Ueno in February 1868, he was in charge of guarding him. Together with Katsu Kaishu and Yamaoka Tesshu, he is known as one of the three great warriors of the late Edo period. He died on February 13, 1903.

[Masaru Sasaki]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

幕末期の幕臣。天保(てんぽう)6年2月17日生まれ。名は政晃、泥舟は号。山岡氏より高橋家の養子となる。山岡鉄舟(てっしゅう)は義弟（妹英子の夫）。1855年（安政2）槍術(そうじゅつ)家の兄山岡静山の没後、その門人を教授し、槍術の名人と称された。翌年22歳で講武所の教授となり、59年従(じゅ)五位下伊勢守(いせのかみ)に叙任。63年（文久3）新徴(しんちょう)組の統率、浪士取扱を命ぜられたが、尊攘(そんじょう)派志士と接触があるとの理由で免職となる。長州征伐のときには征長不可の旨を上書、慶応(けいおう)幕政改革にあたり、66年（慶応2）11月遊撃隊頭取、翌年10月同隊頭取並となる。鳥羽(とば)・伏見(ふしみ)の戦い後は一貫して徳川慶喜(よしのぶ)の恭順謹慎を主張し、68年2月慶喜が江戸城を出、上野寛永寺(かんえいじ)に入ったあと身辺の護衛にあたった。勝海舟(かつかいしゅう)、山岡鉄舟とともに幕末三舟と称せられる。明治36年2月13日没。

［佐々木克］

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