Taira no Tadatsune

A military commander in the mid-Heian period. His father was Tadayori, the son of Taira Yoshibumi. He is said to have been Kazusa no Suke, Shimousa Gon no Suke, and Musashi no Kuni Ouryoshi. He was a huge private land lord with mansions all over the Boso Peninsula, and in 1028 (Chogen 1), he burned to death Awa no Kami Koretada, occupied the Kazusa provincial office, and rebelled. The Imperial Court appointed Taira Nogata to pursue the rebels, but was unable to suppress them, so they were replaced by Minamoto no Yorinobu. Tadayori surrendered without a single battle, became a monk, and took the name Shoan, but died in Nogami, Minamoto no Kuni (Gifu Prefecture), on the way to Kyoto as an escort, and his head was sent to Kyoto. His descendants were pardoned and prospered in the Boso region as the Kazusa clan, Chiba clan, etc. The story of the pursuit of Tadatsune in the Konjaku Monogatari is thought to reflect historical facts from Yorinobu's time as governor of Hitachi Province before the rebellion, and is believed to show that a lord-vassal relationship existed between Tadatsune and Yorinobu from an early stage.

[Toyohiko Fukuda]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

平安中期の武将。父は平良文(よしぶみ)の子忠頼(ただより)。上総介(かずさのすけ)、下総権介(しもうさのごんのすけ)、また武蔵国押領使(むさしのくにおうりょうし)と伝える。房総半島の各地に屋敷をもつ巨大な私営田領主で、1028年（長元1）に安房守惟忠(あわのかみこれただ)を焼き殺し、上総国府を占拠して反乱。朝廷は平直方(なおかた)を追討使に任じたが鎮圧できず、源頼信(よりのぶ)に交代させた。忠常は一戦も交えずに降伏、出家して昌安と称したが、京都への護送途中に美濃(みの)国（岐阜県）野上で死去、その首が京都に送られた。子孫は許され、上総氏、千葉氏などとして房総で栄える。『今昔(こんじゃく)物語』の忠常追討説話は、反乱以前の頼信の常陸(ひたち)国守時代の史実を反映するものと考えられ、頼信との間に早くから主従関係が存在した事実を示すものとみられる。

［福田豊彦］

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