Northern Russian Dialect - Kitadairoshyahogen

... In addition to the nouns, adjectives, numerals, pronouns, and verbs mentioned above, parts of speech classification usually recognize a total of 10 distinctions, including adverbs as independent parts of speech, prepositions, conjunctions, and particles as non-independent (auxiliary) parts of speech, and interjections as a special part of speech that is none of the above.
[dialect]
The basic dialect division is between the northern dialects (or North Greater Russian dialect) and the southern dialects (or South Greater Russian dialect), with a large area in between where the Central Russian dialects are distributed, which share characteristics of both dialects. The main differences between the northern and southern dialects are: (1) the distinction between /o/ and /a/ in unaccented positions (North) yes/(South) no; (2) the phonetic realization of /g/ (North) stop [g]/South) gap [Ү]; (3) the pronunciation of -бм- between vowels (North) [mm]/South) [bm]; (4) the endings of the singular genitive of feminine nouns ending in a (North) -ы/South) -е; (5) the distinction between the plural dative and plural instrumental of nouns and adjectives (North) no/South) yes; (6) the endings of the present third person singular and plural verbs (North) -т/South) -ть; (7) the distinction between the first and second declensions of the present third person plural verbs when the ending is unaccented (North) yes/South) no.

*Some of the terminology that refers to "Northern Russian Dialect" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…　品詞分類は上述の名詞，形容詞，数詞，代名詞，動詞のほかに自立的品詞として副詞を加え，非自立的(補助的)品詞としては前置詞，接続詞，助詞の三つ，そしてそのいずれでもない特殊な品詞として間投詞の合計10種の区別を認めるのがふつうである。
［方言］
　基本的な方言区分は北方方言(ないし北大ロシア方言)と南方方言(ないし南大ロシア方言)の二つの区別で，その中間に両方言の特徴を分有する中部ロシア諸方言の分布する広い地域がある。北方方言と南方方言のおもな相違は，(1)アクセントのない位置での/o/と/a/の区別については――(北)あり/(南)なし，(2)/g/の音声的実現については――(北)閉鎖音[g]/(南)隙間音[Ү]，(3)母音間の‐бм‐の発音については――(北)[mm]/(南)[bm]，(4)，аに終わる女性名詞の単数生格の語尾については――(北)‐ы/(南)‐е，(5)名詞･形容詞の複数与格と複数造格の区別については――(北)なし/(南)あり，(6)動詞現在3人称単複の形の末尾については――(北)‐т/(南)‐ть，(7)動詞現在3人称複数形の語尾にアクセントのないときの第1変化と第2変化の区別については――(北)あり/(南)なし，などの諸点にある。…

※「北大ロシア方言」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報