Stone plover - thick-knee

Japanese: イシチドリ - いしちどり(英語表記)thick-knee
Stone plover - thick-knee

In a broad sense, it is a general term for birds belonging to the order Charadriiformes and family Burhinidae of the class Aves, but in a narrow sense, it refers to one of these species. The family Burhinidae is distributed in southern Europe, Africa, southern Asia, Australia, and Central and South America, and nine species are known worldwide. It is 35 to 52 centimeters in length. It has a large head and large eyes. It has long legs with three toes but no hind toes. It is a nocturnal bird that hides in thickets and bushes during the day and begins to sing and become active at dusk.

The Stone Plover, Burhinus oedicnemus , is 40cm long. Its whole body is brown with dark brown vertical stripes. It is found in Europe, North Africa, Arabia and India, living in wastelands and stony desert areas. Its nest is a shallow depression in the ground where it lays 2-3 eggs, which the male and female take turns incubating for 26 days. It feeds on insects, earthworms, snails and often mice. The male and female are the same color. It has large eyes because it is nocturnal. It has long legs and can run fast. It is an agile fly, but often runs.

[Yanagisawa Norio]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

広義には鳥綱チドリ目イシチドリ科に属する鳥の総称で、狭義にはそのうちの1種をさす。同科Burhinidaeは、南ヨーロッパ、アフリカ、南アジア、オーストラリア、中央・南アメリカに分布し、世界で9種が知られている。全長35~52センチメートル。頭部は大きく、目も大きい。足は長めで、足指は3本あるが後趾(こうし)はない。夜行性の鳥で、日中は藪(やぶ)や茂みに潜んでおり、夕暮れになると鳴き始め、活動する。

 種としてのイシチドリBurhinus oedicnemusは全長40センチメートル。全身褐色地に黒褐色の縦斑(じゅうはん)がある。ヨーロッパ、北アフリカ、アラビアやインドなどに分布し、荒れ地や石の多い砂漠地帯にすむ。巣は地面につくった浅いくぼみで、そこに2~3卵を産み、雌雄が交代で26日抱卵する。餌(えさ)は昆虫やミミズ、カタツムリなどのほかネズミ類をよく食べる。雌雄同色。夜行性のため目は大きい。長い足があり、速く駆けることができる。軽快に飛行するが、走る場合が多い。

[柳澤紀夫]

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