A Study on the Akaezo Fusetsuko

Japanese: 赤蝦夷風説考 - あかえぞふうせつこう
A Study on the Akaezo Fusetsuko

Written by Kudo Heisuke, a doctor of the Sendai domain and an economics expert. It is in two volumes. The second volume was completed in 1781 (Tenmei 1), and the first volume was drafted in 1783. In the late 18th century, as Russia moved southward, interest in the northern issue increased when Benyovsky (a Hungarian count who was captured by the Russian army and escaped) wrote a letter to a Dutch person in Japan in which he said that Russia had intentions to invade. This book is the first to discuss this issue from a national defense perspective. The second volume uses knowledge of Dutch books to describe the history and current situation of Russia and Kamchatka (Aka-Ezo), and clarifies the history of Russia's military strategy and the geography of Kamchatka and Ezo. The first volume is a countermeasure, and he believes that what Russia wants is trade, and proposes opening ports in Nagasaki and other places, mining gold and silver in Ezo, and opening up trade. This presentation to the shogunate prompted bakufu officials to conduct a survey of Ezochi between 1784 and 1786. Included in the first volume of "Hokumon Sōsho."

[Akihiro Tsukatani]

[Reference] | Heisuke Kudo

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

仙台藩医で経世家の工藤平助(くどうへいすけ)の著。上下2巻。下巻は1781年(天明1)に成り、上巻は1783年の稿。18世紀後期にロシアの南下が進み、ベニョフスキー(ロシア軍捕虜となり脱出したハンガリーの伯爵)が在日オランダ人あての書簡の中で、ロシアには侵略の意図があると告げたことを機に北方問題への関心が高まった。本書は国防的立場からこれを論じた最初の書である。下巻は蘭書(らんしょ)の知識により、ロシアとカムチャツカ(赤蝦夷)の歴史と現状を述べ、ロシアの経略の歴史、カムチャツカと蝦夷地の地理を明らかにしている。上巻は対策で、ロシアが望むのは交易と考え、長崎などに港を開き蝦夷地の金銀を発掘して交易を開くことを提案。幕府に呈せられたのが機となり、1784~1786年に幕吏によって蝦夷地調査が行われた。『北門叢書』第1冊所収。

[塚谷晃弘]

[参照項目] | 工藤平助

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