Sun Simiao - Sonshibaku

A physician from the Sui and Tang dynasties of China. He was from Jingzhaohuayuan (Yao County, Shaanxi Province). He was also called Sun Zhenren. He began studying at the age of seven, and by the age of 20 he was discussing the theories of Laozi, Zhuangzi, and the Hundred Schools of Philosophy, and also enjoyed Buddhist scriptures. He was well versed in yin and yang, tui bu (astronomy and calendar calculation), and medicine. He retired to Mount Taibai, and was promised high positions by Emperor Wen of the Sui dynasty, and Emperor Taizong and Emperor Gaozong of the Tang dynasties, but did not accept them. In the preface to his book "Bikyu Senkin Yoho," he wrote, "I suffered from cold in my childhood and had to see the doctor frequently, which squandered all the family fortune. Therefore, from my student days to old age, I have respected and been familiar with medical books. I learned about diagnosis and prescriptions from experts, and came to cure the illnesses of myself and those around me. It is good to study prescriptions and herbal medicines, but there are so many prescription books that they are not enough in an emergency. So I compiled many classics and prescription books to create a simple version of the 30 volumes of "Bikyu Senkin Yoho." Human life is precious and worth a thousand gold coins." His books include "Senkin Yokuho," "Fukurokuron," "Setsujyo Shinroku," and "Chinchu Sosho."

[Yamamoto Noriko]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、隋(ずい)・唐代の医家。京兆華原(けいちょうかげん)（陝西(せんせい)省耀(よう)県）の人。孫真人(そんしんじん)ともいわれる。7歳のときから学問を始め、20歳ごろには老子・荘子や百家の説を論じ、あわせて仏典も好んだ。陰陽・推歩（天文・暦算）・医薬に精通していた。太白山に隠居し、隋の文帝、唐の太宗や高宗が高位を約して招いたが受けなかった。著書『備急千金要方』の自序に「幼時に風冷にあい、たびたび医者にかかり、家産を使い果たした。ゆえに学生のときから老年に至るまで医書を尊び親しんでいる。診察・薬方などを有識者に学び、身辺の人や自身の疾病を治すようになった。薬方や本草(ほんぞう)を学ぶのはよいが、薬方書は非常に多く、緊急時にまにあわない。そこで多くの経方書から集めて簡易につくったものが『備急千金要方』30巻である。人命は貴く千金の価値がある」と書いている。『千金翼方』『福禄(ふくろく)論』『摂生真録』『枕中(ちんちゅう)素書』などの著書がある。

［山本徳子］

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例