…[Jiro Kondo] In the 7th century, when the Muslim invasion of Arabia began, there were two Christian kingdoms, the Kingdom of Muqarra in Lower Nubia and the Kingdom of Alwa (Alodia) in Upper Nubia. The first invasion, led by Uqba ibn Nafi in 641-642, was unsuccessful and led to a retreat, but in 651 Abd Allāh ibn Sa'd invaded Dongola, the capital of the Kingdom of Muqarra, and forced the kingdom to promise a tribute of 365 slaves per year. After this, during the Umayyad and Abbasid periods, expeditionary forces were sent from time to time, but these were often aimed at forcing the slave tribute that was not fulfilled, as well as at controlling the gold mines of Araki in Lower Nubia. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Abd Allah bin Sa'd" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…【近藤 二郎】 イスラム教徒のアラブの侵入が始まる7世紀には,下ヌビアにムカッラMuqarra王国,上ヌビアにアルワ‘Alwa(アロディアAlodia)王国の二つのキリスト教王国があった。最初の侵入である641∥642年のウクバ・ブン・ナーフィーの率いた遠征では成果をあげず撤退したが,651年アブド・アッラーフ・ブン・サード‘Abd Allāh b.Sa‘dによる遠征はムカッラ王国の都ドンゴラまで侵入し,毎年365人の奴隷の貢納を約束させた。この後,ウマイヤ朝やアッバース朝の時代にも,ときおり遠征軍が送られたが,それはしばしば履行されなかった奴隷貢納を強制することと同時に,下ヌビアのアラーキーの金鉱支配を目的としていた。… ※「アブド・アッラーフ・ブン・サード」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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