[Born] 365 B.C. Ellis [Died] c. 275 BC. Greek philosopher from Elis. Founder of the ancient skeptical school. Studied under Anaxarchus of the Democritus school, and accompanied Alexander the Great on his expedition to India. In c. 330 BC, he returned to his hometown to teach and gain popularity. His ideas are only known from fragments of Timon's mocking poems. According to him, our representations of things are beyond the scope of judgment as to whether they are true or false, and each person has the possibility of perceiving or recognizing them differently, so the existence of objective truth or science is impossible. Therefore, in order to stop making any positive claims in the sense of speaking the objective truth, the appropriate path for a philosopher to take is to suspend all judgment (→epoche), and at the same time, this is the only path that leads to peace of mind (→ataraksia). (→skeptical school, skepticism) Pyrrhon |
[生]前365頃.エリス [没]前275頃.エリス ギリシアの哲学者。古懐疑学派の祖。デモクリトス学派のアナクサルコスに学び,アレクサンドロス大王のインド遠征に従ったが,前 330年頃故郷へ帰って教え,信望を集めた。その思想はティモンの嘲笑詩の断片から知られるのみである。彼によれば,われわれの事物に関する表象は真偽の判定の埒外にあり,各人各様の知覚ないし認識の可能性があるから,客観的真実や学問の存在は不可能である。したがってわれわれは客観的真実を語るという意味でのあらゆる積極的な主張をやめるために,一切の判断を差し控えること (→エポケー ) が哲学者のとるべき適切な道であり,同時にそれが心の平穏 (→アタラクシア ) へ導く唯一の道であるとした。 (→懐疑学派 , 懐疑論 ) ピュロン
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