Financial compensation is made to adjust for special sacrifices in property made by the exercise of lawful public power, from the standpoint of protecting private property and equal burden sharing. Under the Meiji Constitution, unless there was a special provision in law, it was not permitted to file a lawsuit for compensation for damages, but under the current Constitution, based on the provisions of Article 29 guaranteeing property rights (paragraph 1), the provision that "Private property may be used for public purposes upon just compensation" (paragraph 3), and the provision of Article 14 on the principle of equality, it is generally considered that "just compensation" should be recognized. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
適法な公権力の行使によって加えられた財産上の特別の犠牲に対して,私有財産の保障と平等負担の見地から,これを調整するために行われる財産的填補。明治憲法下においては,法律の特別の規定がなければ,損失補償について裁判所に出訴することは認められなかったが,現行憲法下においては,憲法 29条の財産権保障規定 (1項) および「私有財産は,正当な補償の下に,これを公共のために用ひることができる」という規定 (3項) ならびに 14条の平等原則の規定を根拠として,一般に「正当な補償」が認められるべきものとされている。
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