A liquid in which fine particles of dispersoid (colloidal particles, diameter about 0.1 micrometers) are dispersed and retain fluidity. When the dispersion medium is water, it is called a hydrosol. Systems in which fine particles of solids or liquids are dispersed or suspended in a dispersion medium of air or other gases can also be included in the category of sol, but these are more often distinguished as aerosols (floating fine particles, aerosols, also called aerosols). When a sol solidifies into a jelly-like substance, such as tokoroten or gelatin, it is called a gel. Sol is the German pronunciation, and in English it is called sol. Sol exhibits various properties that differ from normal solutions, one notable being the Tyndall effect. [Yamazaki Akira] "Introduction to Colloid and Interface Science" by Tamotsu Kondo and Shiro Suzuki (1994, Sankyo Publishing) " "Fundamentals of Interface and Colloid Chemistry" by Fumio Kitahara (1994, Kodansha) [References] | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
液体中に微粒子の分散質(コロイド粒子、粒径が0.1マイクロメートル程度)が分散し、かつ流動性を保持しているものをいう。分散媒が水のものはヒドロゾルという。固体や液体の微粒子が空気その他の気体の分散媒に分散、浮遊している系もゾルに含めることがあるが、こちらはむしろエーロゾル(浮遊微粒子、煙霧質。エアロゾルともいう)として区別することが多くなった。ゾルがところてんやゼラチンのようにゼリー状に固化したものをゲルという。なお、ゾルはドイツ語読みで、英語ではソルという。通常の溶液と異なる性質をいろいろと示すが、チンダル現象などは顕著なものの一つである。 [山崎 昶] 『近藤保・鈴木四朗著『入門 コロイドと界面の科学』(1994・三共出版)』▽『北原文雄著『界面・コロイド化学の基礎』(1994・講談社)』 [参照項目] | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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