A type of variant character. In contrast to formal characters (formal characters), this refers to a character style that is not formal but is widely used in society. There are some overlaps with abbreviated characters, and in extreme cases, it is a misspelling (譌字 (kaji)), so it is not necessarily easy to determine its exact form. Examples of vulgar characters include 耻 (shame), 耒 (length), 贒 (son), 贒 (lai), and 裡 (reverse). The identification of vulgar characters was already seen in China in the Tang Dynasty's Ganroku Jishu (Ganroku Jishu) (774 = Da Li 9), which classifies Chinese character styles into three: formal, vulgar, and common. In Japan, influenced by Chinese dictionaries such as Ganroku Jishu, the Ruiju Myogisho (editor unknown, compiled around 1100) notes vulgar characters as such. Although vulgar characters are contrasted with correct characters in school education and seem to be given relatively little value, they have taken root in everyday life and are widely used. On the other hand, new vulgar characters are also being created, and in that respect some people believe that vulgar characters should be valued as living characters along with correct characters. [Masayuki Tsukimoto] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
異体字の一種。正字(正式の字体)に対し、正式ではないが世間一般で広く行われている字体をいう。略字とも重なる部分があり、また極端な場合には誤字(譌字(かじ))ともなって、その正確な規定はかならずしも容易でない。俗字の例をあげれば、耻(恥)、(丈)、伜(倅)、耒(来)、裡(裏)などが( )内の文字の俗字とされる。俗字の指摘は中国ではすでに唐の顔元孫の『干禄字書(かんろくじしょ)』(774=大暦9)にみられ、漢字の字体を正・俗・通の三つに分類している。日本では『干禄字書』など中国の字書の影響を受けて『類聚(るいじゅ)名義抄(みょうぎしょう)』(編者未詳、1100ころ成立)が「俗」などと注記しているのが古い。俗字は学校教育などにおいては正字と対置され、比較的低い価値しか与えられていないようにみえるが、広く日常生活に根を下ろして幅広く用いられている。また一方では新たな俗字もつくられつつあり、その点では生きた文字として正字とともに重視すべきだとの立場もある。 [月本雅幸] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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