Song Jiaoren

Chinese revolutionary. His pen name was Yonchu and his pen name was Yufu. He was from Taoyuan County, Hunan Province. In 1904, he formed the Huaxing Hui in Changsha with Huang Xing and others. After the uprising failed, he fled to Japan. In 1905, he joined the China Tongming Hui and edited its organ, Minbao. In 1911, he established the Central General Assembly of the Tongming Hui with Tan Renfeng and others, and made preparations for an uprising in the Yangtze River basin. When the Xinhai Revolution broke out in Wuchang in October of the same year, he played an active role in establishing a revolutionary government. After the revolution, he held important positions such as President of the Legislative Yuan of the Nanjing Provisional Government and Minister of Agriculture and Forestry of the Beijing Provisional Government. In August 1912, the Tongming Hui was reorganized into the Kuomintang. As the de facto leader of the party, he led the Kuomintang to a landslide victory in the election. He attempted to restrict President Yuan Shih-kai by establishing a party cabinet system, which earned him the hatred of Yuan, and he was assassinated by Yuan's assassins in March 1913. His books include "Diary of a Fisherman of Song."

[Kurahashi Masanao]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国の革命家。字(あざな)は遯初(とんしょ)、号は漁父。湖南省桃源県の人。1904年、黄興(こうこう)らと長沙で華興(かこう)会を組織。蜂起(ほうき)失敗後、日本に逃亡。1905年、中国同盟会に参加し、その機関紙『民報』の編集にあたった。1911年、譚人鳳(たんじんほう)らと同盟会中部総会をつくり、揚子江(ようすこう)流域における蜂起の準備を固めた。同年10月武昌(ぶしょう)で辛亥(しんがい)革命が起こると革命政府の樹立に活躍した。革命後、南京(ナンキン)臨時政府法制院総裁や北京(ペキン)臨時政府農林部長の要職を歴任。1912年8月、同盟会を国民党に改組。その事実上の党首として、選挙で国民党を大勝させた。彼は政党内閣制をつくることで大統領袁世凱(えんせいがい)を制約しようとしたので、袁の憎むところとなり、1913年3月、袁の派遣した刺客のため暗殺された。著書に『宋漁父日記』などがある。

［倉橋正直］

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