A radio telephone system that allows communication between ships in port or sailing along the coast and on land, and between ships themselves, via land-based base stations. In Japan, it was launched in 1953 as a harbor telephone system, with its service area covering the waters off Tokyo Bay and Osaka Bay. In March 1978, it was automated with a push-button system and is operated by the Japan Ship Communication Company using the lines of the Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Company. Japan's coastal waters are divided into 21 zones, each with a five-digit sea area code. When a ship's signal is received by the nearest base station, it is registered in a computer, and approximately 100 base stations automatically track the ship's movements. It uses the 150 MHz international VHF band, and can be used to communicate up to 50-100 kilometers offshore. Coin phones are also available for passenger ships. The additional equipment enables security communications and port communications. This equipment allows direct communication with coast guard agencies, port management agencies, and other ships with the same equipment or international VHF. Passenger ships of 100 gross tons or more and ships of 300 gross tons or more that sail in coastal waters are required by the Ship Safety Act to install security communications equipment. [Yukito Iijima] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
入港中または沿岸を航海中の船舶と、陸上および船舶相互の間で、陸上の基地局を経由して通話する無線電話。日本では1953年(昭和28)、東京湾、大阪湾近海をサービスエリアとする港湾電話として発足した。78年3月プッシュホン式で自動化され、日本船舶通信会社により、日本電信電話会社の回線を使用して運営されている。日本全国の沿岸海域を21に分け、それぞれが5桁(けた)の海域番局をもっている。船舶の電波は最寄りの基地局で受信されるとコンピュータに登録されて、船舶の移動に従って約100か所の基地局が自動的に追跡する。150メガヘルツ帯の国際VHFを使用し、50~100キロメートルの沖合いまで通話できる。旅客船用にはコイン電話もある。 付加装置によって保安通信、港務通信が可能となる。これは海上保安機関、港湾管理機関、同じ装置や国際VHFをもつ他の船舶との直接通話ができる装置である。沿岸海域を航海する総トン数100トン以上の旅客船と300トン以上の船舶は、船舶安全法で保安通信装置の設置が義務づけられている。 [飯島幸人] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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