Jubokudo - Jubokudo

Another name for calligraphy. Iriki was used to describe calligraphy because of the story of "Iriki Sanbu" in which a craftsman carved a Shukuban (a board on which congratulatory texts are written when worshipping a god) written by Wang Xizhi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty in China, who was revered as a calligraphy master, and found that the ink had soaked into the wood by three parts (about 9 mm). This story already appears in Zhang Huaiguan's Shudan in the Tang Dynasty, but it has been quoted and embellished in various ways in later generations as a legend that shows the strength of calligraphy. In Japan, the word Iriki has been used since the Heian period, and legends linking it to Kukai and Fujiwara Sadanobu were also born. From around the middle of the 14th century, the word Iriki-do came into use and came to mean a set style of calligraphy that was passed down orally from master to disciple.

[Shigeru Matsubara]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

書道の異称。書聖と仰がれる中国・東晋(とうしん)の王羲之(おうぎし)が書いた祝版(しゅくばん)（神を祭るときに祝文を書く掲示の板）を工人が削ってみると、墨が木に3分（約9ミリメートル）も浸み込んでいたという「入木三分」の故事により、入木は書道を表すことばとして用いられた。この話はすでに唐の張懐瓘(ちょうかいかん)『書断』にみえるが、能書の筆力の強さを物語る伝説として、後世さまざまに引用、脚色された。わが国にも、平安時代から入木の語の使用例がみられ、空海(くうかい)や藤原定信(さだのぶ)に結び付けた伝説も生まれた。14世紀なかばころからは、入木道ということばが用いられるようになり、師匠から弟子に口伝(くでん)によって伝えられる一定の型にはまった書道を意味するようになる。

［松原　茂］

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