World War I was the catalyst for war responsibility becoming a major international issue. World War I presented the appearance of a total war, but in order for the warring nations to mobilize their people for the war, they needed to publicize the justification for the war domestically and the causes of the war to their people. For this reason, the warring nations publicized the issue of war responsibility by shifting the blame for starting the war onto the other side. The Treaty of Versailles that followed the war held Germany responsible for all damage suffered by the governments and peoples of the countries in the war, and demanded that Germany cede territory and pay large reparations. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
戦争責任が国際的な大問題となるのは,第1次世界大戦を契機とする。第1次大戦は国家総力戦の様相を示したが,交戦諸国が戦争に民衆を動員するには戦争の名分を国内に宣伝し,戦争の原因を民衆に宣伝する必要があった。このため開戦責任を相手になすりつける形で,交戦諸国は戦争責任問題を宣伝した。大戦後のベルサイユ講和条約は,戦争で諸国の政府と国民のこうむったいっさいの損害の責任はドイツにあるとし,領土の割譲や多額の賠償金などをドイツに要求した。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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