Daikyoin - Daikyoin

It was the central organization of the Meiji government's Daikyo-senpu movement, which aimed to unify the national ideology through Shinto (Shintoism), and a training center for the instructors. In March 1872 (Meiji 5), the Ministry of Education was established, and the National Education Movement was launched with the instructors. In order to study doctrine and propagation, the Buddhist instructors built the Daikyoin at Zojoji Temple in Shiba, Tokyo in the following year 1873 in collaboration with the Shinto instructors, and established Chukyoin in each prefecture, with each shrine and temple as a small kyoin. However, the Daikyoin system, which was initially developed at the pace of the Buddhist side, came to take on the form of "Shinto-led, Buddha-subordinate" with the establishment of a shrine in the Daikyoin, and this caused strong dissatisfaction, especially from the Shinshu Nishi Honganji sect, which had a tradition of not worshiping the gods, and opposed the joint Shinto-Buddhist propagation at the Daikyoin in Tokyo and the local Chukyoin. In the end, the government accepted the Shinshu sect's claims, and Daikyoin was dissolved in May 1975.

[Sakamoto Koremaru]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

神道(しんとう)による国民思想の統一を目ざす明治政府の大教宣布運動の中央機関で、教導職の研修の道場。1872年（明治5）3月、教部省が設置され、教導職を擁して国民教化運動が展開されることになった。そこで仏教教導職は教義・布教の研究のため、翌73年神官教導職と合同で東京・芝の増上寺内に大教院を建設し、各府県に中教院を置き、各社寺を小教院とした。しかし、当初仏教側のペースで進められていた大教院体制は、大教院に神殿が設けられたことによって「神主仏従」の形態を呈するに至り、ことに神祇(じんぎ)不拝を伝統とする真宗西本願寺教団からは強い不満が出て、東京の大教院および地方中教院での神仏合同布教に反対した。結局、この真宗教団の主張は政府においても認めるところとなり、75年5月大教院は解散された。

［阪本是丸］

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例