The former general term for the area roughly corresponding to present-day Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania. Currently, this area, with an area of about 1.76 million km2 , is inhabited by Bantu peoples, as well as a small number of Indo-Pakistani Asians, Arabs, and Caucasians. In 1948, the High Commission for East Africa was established to integrate the individual administrative relationships of the colony and protectorate of Kenya and the protectorate of Uganda, which were already under British control, and the former German colony of Tanganyika, which came under British control in 1919 as a League of Nations mandate. Its headquarters were in Nairobi, Kenya. The High Commission was responsible for the railways, customs, postal services, and telecommunications common to these three territories. However, when Tanganyika gained independence in 1961 (Tanganyika merged with Zanzibar in 1964 and became Tanzania), the High Commission was abolished and its functions were taken over by the newly established East African Joint Services Organization. Uganda gained independence in 1962, and Kenya in 1963. The region's main products are coffee, cotton, tea, sisal, and spices. Mineral resources are generally scarce, and modern industry is underdeveloped. The commercial core is dominated by Indo-Pakistani merchants, which causes problems between the region and the Bantu people who make up the majority of the population. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
一般に現在のケニア,ウガンダ,タンザニアにほぼ相当する地域の旧総称。現在面積約 176万 km2のこの地域にはバンツー系のほか,少数のインド=パキスタン系アジア人,アラブ人,白人などが住む。 1948年に東アフリカ高等弁務官府が設置されたが,これはすでにイギリスの支配下にあったケニア植民地兼保護領およびウガンダ保護領と,1919年に国際連盟委任統治領としてイギリス支配下に入った旧ドイツ領タンガニーカの個々の統治関係を統合するものとして設置されたもので,本部はケニアのナイロビにおかれた。この高等弁務官府はこれら3領地に共通した鉄道,関税,郵便および電気通信などを管轄することになった。しかし 61年タンガニーカが独立して (タンガニーカは 1964年にザンジバルと合併してタンザニアと改称) 同高等弁務官府は廃止され,その機能は新設の東アフリカ共同役務機構に引継がれた。 1962年にウガンダ,63年ケニアが独立。この地域の主産物はコーヒー,綿花,紅茶,サイザルアサ,香料など。鉱物資源は一般に乏しく,近代工業は未発達。商業の中枢部はインド=パキスタン系の商人が支配しており,住民の大部分を占めるバンツー系との間に問題を残している。
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