Full-time farmers and part-time farmers - Full-time farmers and part-time farmers

Japanese: 専業農家･兼業農家 - せんぎょうのうかけんぎょうのうか

A farming household with no part-time workers among its members is called a full-time farming household, while a farming household with at least one part-time worker is called a part-time farming household (a part-time worker is a household member who is employed in a part-time job for more than 30 days a year, or who is self-employed and has a sales income of a certain amount per year). In modern Japanese agriculture, there are fewer full-time farming households, and the majority of farming households are part-time farmers. Part-time farming households are also classified as type 1 part-time farming households and type 2 part-time farming households. The distinction between full-time and part-time farming households was first used in Japanese agricultural statistics in 1904, but it was not until the Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Survey Regulations of 1941 that a statistical definition that is roughly the same as today was established.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

世帯員のなかに兼業従事者が一人もいない農家を専業農家，世帯員に兼業従事者が一人以上いる農家を兼業農家という(兼業従事者とは，年間30日以上雇用兼業に従事するか，年間一定額以上の販売収入のある自営兼業に従事した世帯員をいう)。現代日本の農業では，専業農家は少なくなり，大部分の農家が兼業農家となっている。兼業農家はまた，第1種兼業農家と第2種兼業農家とに分類される。日本の農業統計で専業農家･兼業農家の区分が初めて用いられたのは1904年の農事統計であるが，ほぼ現在と同じ統計上の定義が成立したのは41年の〈農林水産業調査規則〉においてである。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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