A system (automatic machine) in which a large number of identical elements (finite automata) are regularly arranged and regularly wired is called a cellular machine, cellular automaton, or uniform machine. It is named cell structure after the multicellular structure of living organisms. There are various models depending on the actual problem being addressed, such as one-dimensional or two-dimensional system arrangements, or systems consisting of a finite number of elements (cells) or an infinite number of elements. The most typical model divides two-dimensional space into a grid pattern, limiting the range in which each cell can directly exchange information to adjacent cells on the top, bottom, left, and right. Historically, it was used by von Neumann when he proposed self-replicating machines, and was the beginning of cellular machine theory. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
同一の構造をもった多数の素子(有限オートマトン)を規則正しく配列し,規則正しく結線した系(自動機械)をセル構造機械,セル構造オートマトン,あるいは一様構造機械という。生体の多細胞から成る構造に倣ってセルcell構造と名づけられている。系の配列が一次元のものや二次元のもの,あるいは系が有限個の素子(セル)から成るものや無限個の素子から成るものなど,実際に扱う問題によってさまざまなモデルがある。最も典型的なモデルは,二次元空間を碁盤目状に区切り,各セルが情報を直接交換できる範囲を上下左右の隣接したセルに限定したもので,歴史的にもフォン・ノイマンが自己増殖機械を提案したときに用い,セル構造機械理論の発端となった。
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