Bolt (English)

Japanese: ボルト（英語表記）bolt

A general term for threaded parts that are generally used in combination with nuts when fastening objects. Except for special cases, bolts and nuts have a head on one end of a metal rod and a male thread on the other end. Fastening with a bolt and nut can be disassembled and refastened, so they are more widely used than any other fastener, and many types are manufactured. (1) Hexagonal bolt The most common type with a hexagonal head. There are two types, regular and small hexagonal bolts, and they are divided into three grades, high, medium, and normal, based on the degree of finish (only high and medium for small hexagonal bolts). (2) Hexagonal socket bolts A cylindrical head with a hexagonal hole. In principle, they are not used with nuts, and are used when the head is to be sunk. (3) Square bolts A bolt with a square head that requires a small tightening area and is less likely to slip over a wrench than (1). (4) Flat head bolts A bolt with a flat head that is used in places where it is problematic to have the head stick out. (5) Stud bolts A round bar with threads cut on both ends, and the threaded part on one end is sunk into the body. (6) Wing bolt: A bolt with a knob so that it can be screwed in with a finger. (7) Round head bolt: A bolt with a square shaft under its round head to prevent rotation, which is inserted into a square hole in an object such as a wooden part to be attached to a machine and tightened with a nut. (8) U-bolt: A bolt made of a round bar bent into a U shape with threads on both ends used to fasten pipes, etc. Other types include T-slot bolts found on the beds of machine tools, eye bolts, a type of hanging hardware, joint plate bolts that fasten joint plates of rails, welding bolts used on automobile bodies, and stay bolts that keep the distance between two plates constant. (→ Foundation bolts)

bolt
Bolt, Usain

Born August 21, 1986. Montego Bay, Jamaica. Full name: Usain St. Leo Bolt. Born in Trelawny, a mountainous area in Jamaica, to parents who ran a grocery store, Bolt was a fast bowler in cricket as a boy. He had a strong desire to play for prestigious soccer teams such as Manchester United, but was led to track and field by his school coach. He first attracted attention as a child prodigy at the 2002 World Junior Championships held at the Jamaica National Stadium, where he won the gold medal in the 200m at the age of 15, the youngest in the history of the tournament. At the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, he became the first athlete since Carl Lewis of the United States at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympic Games to win the 100m, 200m, and 400m relay in the same tournament, and also the first athlete to set world records in all events (9.69, 19.30, and 37.10 seconds). Bolt, 196 cm tall, overturned the conventional wisdom that tall sprinters are at a disadvantage because they are slow to accelerate at the start. At the 2009 World Championships, he won the 100m final in 9.58 seconds, breaking his own record, and won the 200m in a time of 19.19 seconds, a huge improvement over his own record. At the 2012 London Olympic Games, he successfully defended his titles in the 100m and 200m, becoming the first man in history to win consecutive Olympic gold medals in both events, and also won the gold medal in the 400m relay.

bolt
Bolt, Robert Oxton

Born: August 15, 1924, Manchester
[Died] February 20, 1995. West Sussex. British playwright. After a career as a teacher (1950-58), he began writing plays, winning the Evening Standard Award for Flowering Cherry (57), about an office worker who dreams of escaping the city. He also won the New York Drama Critics' Award in 1962 for A Man for All Seasons (60), which depicts the struggle between personal conscience and political issues, with Thomas More, Lord Chancellor of Henry VIII, as the protagonist. He also wrote the screenplays for the film adaptation of this work (Japanese title: Waga Inochi Tsukiru Tomo), Doctor Zhivago, Lawrence of Arabia, and Ryan's Daughter.

bolt
volt

SI derived unit of voltage, potential, or electromotive force. The symbol is V. 1V is the voltage between two points of a conductor carrying a current of 1A when the power dissipated between these two points is 1W. The unit is named after A. Volta. The standard for electromotive force is determined using the AC Josephson effect.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

物体を締めつけるとき，一般にナットと組合せて用いるねじ部品の総称。特殊なものを除けば，金属の丸棒の一端に頭があり，他端におねじが切ってある。ボルトとナットによる締めつけは，分解，再締結が可能なので，他のどのような締結具よりも広く用いられ，多くの種類が製作されている。 (1) 六角ボルト　六角形の頭をもった最も一般的なもので，並型と小型六角ボルトの2種類があり，仕上げ程度から，上・中・並の3等級に分けられている (小型では上・中のみ) 。 (2) 六角穴つきボルト　円筒形の頭に六角の穴をもつ。原則的にナットと組まず，頭を沈めるときに用いる。 (3) 四角ボルト　四角形の頭をもつボルトで締めつけ場所が小さくてすみ，(1) よりスパナが滑りにくい。 (4) 皿ボルト　頭が出ては困るところに用いる頭が皿状のボルト。 (5) 植込みボルト　丸棒の両端にねじを切り，一端のねじ部を本体に植込む。 (6) 蝶ボルト　指でねじ込めるようにつまみをつけたもの。 (7) 角根丸頭ボルト　丸形の頭の下に回り止め用の四角な軸部をもち，機械に取付ける木製部分など物体の角穴に軸部を入れてナットで締めつける。 (8) Uボルト　管などを固定するのに用いるU字形に曲げた丸棒の両端にねじを切ったボルト。その他，工作機械のベッドにみられるT溝ボルト，一種の吊金具であるアイボルト，レールの継目板を締めつける継目板ボルト，自動車のボディに用いられる溶接ボルト，2枚の板の間隔を常に一定に保つ控えボルトなどがある。 (→基礎ボルト )

ボルト
Bolt, Usain

[生]1986.8.21. モンテゴベイ
ジャマイカの陸上競技選手。フルネーム Usain St. Leo Bolt。ジャマイカ山間部トレローニー地区で食料品店を営む両親の間に生まれ，少年時代はクリケットの速球投手として活躍した。マンチェスター・ユナイテッドなどの名門サッカーチームに強く憧れていたが，学校のコーチに陸上競技へと導かれる。最初に神童として注目されたのはジャマイカ国立競技場で行なわれた 2002年世界ジュニア選手権大会で，大会史上最年少の 15歳で 200mの金メダルを勝ちとった。2008年北京オリンピック競技大会では，1984年ロサンゼルス・オリンピック競技大会のアメリカ合衆国のカール・ルイス以来で初めて，一大会において 100m，200m，400mリレーで優勝し，またすべてで世界記録（9秒69，19秒30，37秒10）を樹立した初の選手となった。身長 196cmのボルトは，長身の短距離選手はスタート時の加速が鈍いため不利という定説を覆した。2009年世界選手権大会では，100m決勝で自身の記録を更新する 9秒58で優勝。200mでも 19秒19と大幅に記録を更新し優勝した。2012年ロンドン・オリンピック競技大会では 100mと 200mでタイトル防衛に成功し，史上初めて両種目でのオリンピック連覇を達成，400mリレーでも金メダルを獲得した。

ボルト
Bolt， Robert Oxton

[生]1924.8.15. マンチェスター
[没]1995.2.20. ウェストサセックス
イギリスの劇作家。教師生活 (1950～58) のあと劇作を始め，都会からの脱出を夢みるサラリーマンを扱った『花咲くチェリー』 Flowering Cherry (57) でイブニング・スタンダード賞を受賞。またヘンリー8世の大法官トマス・モアを主人公にして個人的良心と政治問題との葛藤を描いた『すべての季節の男』A Man for All Seasons (60) で 1962年度のニューヨーク劇評家賞を受賞。この作品の映画化 (邦題『わが命つきるとも』) をはじめ，『ドクトル・ジバゴ』『アラビアのロレンス』『ライアンの娘』などのシナリオも執筆した。